Embryo implantation is an essential step for the establishment of pregnancy and is crucial for the successful embryo transplantation of in vitro fertilization embryos. The successful implantation of an embryo depends upon cellular and molecular dialog between the uterus and the embryo.
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Specimen part
View SamplesTranscriptiome analysis is an excellent approach to understand the mechanism underlying nuclear reprogramming in somatic-cell-cloned embryos. Analysis of the transcriptomic data from the oocyte to blastocyst stage revealed that specific genes were inappropriately reprogrammed at each stage. Sertoli cell-cloned embryos appear to develop normally because the progression of incorrect reprogramming is concealed throughout development.
The transcriptomic architecture of mouse Sertoli cell clone embryos reveals temporal–spatial-specific reprogramming.
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View SamplesThe oocytes of B6.Y(TIR) sex-reversed female mouse mature in culture but fail to develop after fertilization because of their cytoplasmic defects. To identify the defective components, we compared the gene expression profiles between the fully-grown oocytes of B6.Y(TIR) (XY) females and those of their XX littermates by cDNA microarray. 173 genes were found to be higher and 485 genes were lower in XY oocytes than in XX oocytes by at least 2-fold. We compared the transcript levels of selected genes by RT-PCR in XY and XX oocytes, as well as in XO oocytes missing paternal X-chromosomes. All genes tested showed comparable transcript levels between XX and XO oocytes, indicating that mRNA accumulation is well adjusted in XO oocytes. By contrast, in addition to Y-encoded genes, many genes showed significantly different transcript levels in XY oocytes. We speculate that the presence of the Y-chromosome, rather than the absence of the second X-chromosome, caused dramatic changes in the gene expression profile in the XY fully-grown oocyte.
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Specimen part
View Samplesfor studying heat resistant genes
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Specimen part
View SamplesBackground: Signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) is frequently dysregulated in gliomas. Inter-individual variability in the causes for dysregulated RTK signaling may have hampered the efficacy of targeted therapies. Using gene expression modules around key regulators in the RAS-RAF-MEK-MAPK cascade and in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-AKT pathways, we developed a RMPA clustering scheme to distinguish gliomas with varying extents of RTK signaling.
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Sex, Disease
View SamplesUpon illumination, etiolated seedlings experience a transition from heterotrophic to photoautotrophic growth. During this process, the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway provides chlorophyll for photosynthesis. This pathway has to be tightly controlled to prevent the accumulation of photoreactive metabolites and to provide stoichiometric amounts of chlorophyll for its incorporation into photosynthetic protein complexes. Therefore, plants have evolved regulatory mechanisms to synchronize the biosynthesis of chlorophyll and chlorophyll-binding proteins. Two phytochrome-interacting factors (PIF1 and PIF3) and the DELLA proteins, which are controlled by the gibberellin pathway, are key regulators of this process. Here, we show that impairment of TARGET OF RAPAMYCIN (TOR) activity in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), either by mutation of the TOR complex component RAPTOR1B or by treatment with TOR inhibitors, leads to a significantly reduced accumulation of the photoreactive chlorophyll precursor protochlorophyllide in darkness but an increased greening rate of etiolated seedlings after exposure to light. Detailed profiling of metabolic, transcriptomic, and physiological parameters revealed that the TOR-repressed lines not only grow slower, they grow in a nutrient-saving mode, which allows them to resist longer periods of low nutrient availability. Our results also indicated that RAPTOR1B acts upstream of the gibberellin-DELLA pathway and its mutation complements the repressed greening phenotype of pif1 and pif3 after etiolation.
Inhibition of TOR Represses Nutrient Consumption, Which Improves Greening after Extended Periods of Etiolation.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesWhile cold stress has been shown to seriously impact cattle industry, there are only a few reports investigating the effect of cold stress on cattle. Whether severe cold stress results in alterations in gene expression and affects molecular genetic mechanisms remains unknown.
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Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesTo identify the molecular mechanism of OsCPK21 regulating pollen development, a genome-wide analysis of the gene expression profiles in the rice spikelet of ZH11 and OsCPK21-RNAi transgenic plants during anther development was performed. Hybridization with the microarray and subsequent analysis showed that a total of 5020 genes displayed altered expression (at least 2-fold) under suppressed OsCPK21 expression. Among the altered genes, 1419 were up-regulated, and 3601 were down-regulated.
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Specimen part
View SamplesIn order to study the physiological function of OsSRT1, a 412 bp segment of the 3-untranslated region of OsSRT1, which was not conserved with OsSRT2, was inserted in inverted repeats to build a construct for RNA interference (RNAi). The construct was used to transform an indica rice variety (Minghui63).To study whether the down-regulation of OsSRT1 affected gene expression, we compared the transcripts of the RNAi to the wild type plants by microarray analysis (Affymetrix). RNAs were isolated from young leaves of 11 day-old plants (before appearance of lesions in the RNAi plants). Affymetrix GeneChip Rice Genome Array were performed. Data was analyzed with SAM excel add-in and in-house perl scripts.Analysis of data from three biological repeats revealed that 521 genes are up-regulated, and 213 genes are down-regulated (with q value at 5%).
Down-regulation of a SILENT INFORMATION REGULATOR2-related histone deacetylase gene, OsSRT1, induces DNA fragmentation and cell death in rice.
Age
View SamplesHonokiol (HNK), one of the main medicinal components in Magnolia officinalis, possesses antimicrobial activity against a variety of pathogenic bacteria and fungi.S. cerevisiae is a model eukaryote used for investigating the cellular and molecular mechanisms of anti-fungal drugs.
Transcriptomic analysis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae upon honokiol treatment.
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