This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Induction and transcriptional regulation of the co-inhibitory gene module in T cells.
Specimen part
View SamplesKnockdown of the oncogene, BRD4-NUT, in a rare cancer, termed NUTmidline carcinoma (NMC), results in morphologic features consistent with squamous differentiation. Treatment with the HDAC-inhibitor, TSA, appears to cause the same phenotype. Here, we use gene expression profiling to compare the changes in gene expression following BRD4-NUT knockdown and TSA treatment.
Differentiation of NUT midline carcinoma by epigenomic reprogramming.
Cell line
View SamplesExpression of co-inhibitory receptors, such as CTLA-4 and PD-1, on effector T cells is a key mechanism for ensuring immune homeostasis. Dysregulated co-inhibitory receptor expression on CD4+ T cells promotes autoimmunity while sustained overexpression on CD8+ T cells promotes T cell dysfunction or exhaustion, leading to impaired ability to clear chronic viral infections and cancer. Here, we used RNA and protein expression profiling at single-cell resolution to identify a module of co-inhibitory receptors that includes not only several known co-inhibitory receptors (PD-1, Tim-3, Lag-3, and TIGIT), but also a number of novel surface receptors. We functionally validated two novel co-inhibitory receptors, Activated protein C receptor (Procr) and Podoplanin (Pdpn). The module of co-inhibitory receptors is co-expressed in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and is part of a larger co-inhibitory gene program that is shared by non-responsive T cells in multiple physiological contexts and is driven by the immunoregulatory cytokine IL-27. Computational analysis identified the transcription factors Prdm1 and c-Maf as cooperative regulators of the co-inhibitory module, which we validated experimentally. This molecular circuit underlies the co-expression of co-inhibitory receptors in T cells and identifies novel regulators of T cell function with the potential to regulate autoimmunity and tumor immunity.
Induction and transcriptional regulation of the co-inhibitory gene module in T cells.
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View SamplesType 1 regulatory T (Tr1) cells are induced by the interleukin-27 (IL-27) and have critical roles in the control of autoimmunity and resolution of inflammation. Here, we show that the transcription factors IRF1 and BATF are induced early during treatment with IL-27 and are required for the differentiation and function of Tr1 cells in vitro and in vivo . Epigenetic and transcriptional analyses reveal that both transcription factors influence chromatin accessibility and expression of genes required for Tr1 cell function. IRF1 and BATF deficiencies uniquely alter the chromatin landscape, suggesting that these factors serve a pioneering function during Tr1 cell differentiation.
Critical role of IRF1 and BATF in forming chromatin landscape during type 1 regulatory cell differentiation.
Specimen part, Treatment
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