Expression levels of the RNA-binding protein Quaking (QKI) are low in monocytes of early, human atherosclerotic lesions, but abundant in macrophages of advanced plaques. Specific depletion of QKI protein impaired monocyte adhesion, migration, differentiation into macrophages, and foam cell formation in vitro and in vivo. RNA-seq and microarray analysis of human monocyte and macrophage transcriptomes, including those of a unique QKI haploinsufficient patient, revealed striking changes in QKI-dependent mRNA levels and splicing of RNA transcripts. Overall design: RNA-seq analysis of primary monocytes and macrophages from a QKI haploinsufficient patient and their (control) sibling.
Quaking promotes monocyte differentiation into pro-atherogenic macrophages by controlling pre-mRNA splicing and gene expression.
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View SamplesWe report gene expression data for human melanoma cell lines using RNAseq. Overall design: RNAseq was performed on 8 melanoma cell lines and one normal human melanocyte cell line. All done as single replicates, except for two biological replicates of A375.
A zebrafish melanoma model reveals emergence of neural crest identity during melanoma initiation.
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View SamplesWe report gene expression data for FACS sorted zebrafish crestin_1kb:EGFP + cells collected at 15 somite stage (SS). Overall design: crestin_1kb:EGFP + embryos were homogenized, filtered, and sorted using FACS into PBS, collecting ~5,500 EGFP (+) cells and 100K EGFP (-) cells with a single sample for each.
A zebrafish melanoma model reveals emergence of neural crest identity during melanoma initiation.
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View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Penetrance of biallelic SMARCAL1 mutations is associated with environmental and genetic disturbances of gene expression.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesBiallelic mutations of the DNA annealing helicase SMARCAL1 (SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a-like 1) cause Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia (SIOD, MIM 242900), an incompletely penetrant autosomal recessive disorder. Using human, Drosophila, and mouse models, we show that the proteins encoded by SMARCAL1 orthologues localize to transcriptionally active chromatin and modulate gene expression. We also show that similar to SIOD patients, deficiency of the SMARCAL1 orthologues alone is insufficient to cause disease in fruit flies and mice although such deficiency causes modest diffuse alterations in gene expression. Rather, disease manifests when SMARCAL1 deficiency interacts with genetic and environmental factors that further alter gene expression. We conclude that the SMARCAL1 annealing helicase buffers fluctuations in gene expression and that alterations in gene expression contribute to the penetrance of SIOD.
Penetrance of biallelic SMARCAL1 mutations is associated with environmental and genetic disturbances of gene expression.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesBiallelic mutations of the DNA annealing helicase SMARCAL1 (SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a-like 1) cause Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia (SIOD, MIM 242900), an incompletely penetrant autosomal recessive disorder. Using human, Drosophila, and mouse models, we show that the proteins encoded by SMARCAL1 orthologues localize to transcriptionally active chromatin and modulate gene expression. We also show that similar to SIOD patients, deficiency of the SMARCAL1 orthologues alone is insufficient to cause disease in fruit flies and mice although such deficiency causes modest diffuse alterations in gene expression. Rather, disease manifests when SMARCAL1 deficiency interacts with genetic and environmental factors that further alter gene expression. We conclude that the SMARCAL1 annealing helicase buffers fluctuations in gene expression and that alterations in gene expression contribute to the penetrance of SIOD. Overall design: The RNA sequencing libraries were constructed from the liver RNA of 3-4-month Smarcal1del/del and wt female mice (n=3/group) at 20°C and after 1 hour at 39.5°C. These libraries were sequenced using the whole transcriptome shotgun sequencing procedure.
Penetrance of biallelic SMARCAL1 mutations is associated with environmental and genetic disturbances of gene expression.
Sex, Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesBiallelic mutations of the DNA annealing helicase SMARCAL1 (SWI/SNF-related matrix-associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily a-like 1) cause Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia (SIOD, MIM 242900), an incompletely penetrant autosomal recessive disorder. Using human, Drosophila, and mouse models, we show that the proteins encoded by SMARCAL1 orthologues localize to transcriptionally active chromatin and modulate gene expression. We also show that similar to SIOD patients, deficiency of the SMARCAL1 orthologues alone is insufficient to cause disease in fruit flies and mice although such deficiency causes modest diffuse alterations in gene expression. Rather, disease manifests when SMARCAL1 deficiency interacts with genetic and environmental factors that further alter gene expression. We conclude that the SMARCAL1 annealing helicase buffers fluctuations in gene expression and that alterations in gene expression contribute to the penetrance of SIOD.
Penetrance of biallelic SMARCAL1 mutations is associated with environmental and genetic disturbances of gene expression.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesCancer metabolism has been actively studied to gain insights into tumorigenic survival mechanisms and susceptibilities. In melanoma, we identify HEXIM1, a transcription elongation regulator, as a novel melanoma suppressor that participates in nucleotide stress regulation. HEXIM1 expression is low in melanoma. Its overexpression suppresses melanoma while its inactivation accelerates tumor onset in vivo. HEXIM1 responds to nucleotide stress. Knockdown of HEXIM1 rescues neural crest and melanoma nucleotide stress phenotypes in vivo. Mechanistically, under nucleotide stress, HEXIM1 is induced to form an inhibitory complex with P-TEFb, the kinase that initiates transcription elongation, to pause transcription at tumorigenic genes. The resulting alteration in gene expression also causes anti-tumorigenic transcripts to bind to and be stabilized by HEXIM1. HEXIM1 therefore plays an important role in inhibiting cancer cell-specific gene transcription while also facilitating anti-cancer gene expression. Our study reveals a novel role for HEXIM1 in coupling nucleotide metabolism with transcriptional regulation in melanoma. Overall design: RNA-seq analysis of human A375 melanoma cells treated with either DMSO or 25 µM A771726 for 0-72 hrs.
Stress from Nucleotide Depletion Activates the Transcriptional Regulator HEXIM1 to Suppress Melanoma.
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View SamplesCancer metabolism has been actively studied to gain insights into tumorigenic survival mechanisms and susceptibilities. In melanoma, we identify HEXIM1, a transcription elongation regulator, as a novel melanoma suppressor that participates in nucleotide stress regulation. HEXIM1 expression is low in melanoma. Its overexpression suppresses melanoma while its inactivation accelerates tumor onset in vivo. HEXIM1 responds to nucleotide stress. Knockdown of HEXIM1 rescues neural crest and melanoma nucleotide stress phenotypes in vivo. Mechanistically, under nucleotide stress, HEXIM1 is induced to form an inhibitory complex with P-TEFb, the kinase that initiates transcription elongation, to pause transcription at tumorigenic genes. The resulting alteration in gene expression also causes anti-tumorigenic transcripts to bind to and be stabilized by HEXIM1. HEXIM1 therefore plays an important role in inhibiting cancer cell-specific gene transcription while also facilitating anti-cancer gene expression. Our study reveals a novel role for HEXIM1 in coupling nucleotide metabolism with transcriptional regulation in melanoma. Overall design: RNA-seq analysis of human Tet-On HEXIM1-inducible A375 melanoma cells treated with either DMSO or 1 µg/mL doxycycline in triplicate for 48 hrs.
Stress from Nucleotide Depletion Activates the Transcriptional Regulator HEXIM1 to Suppress Melanoma.
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View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Malat1 is not an essential component of nuclear speckles in mice.
Age, Specimen part
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