This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Site-specific programming of the host epithelial transcriptome by the gut microbiota.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesAbstract: Immune subversion represents a hallmark of persistent infection, but microbial suppression of B cell responses remains mechanistically ill-defined. Adoptive transfer experiments in a chronic viral infection model evidenced the rapid and profound decimation of B cells that responded to virus or to concomitantly administered protein. Decimation affected naïve and memory B cells and resulted from biased differentiation into short-lived antibody-secreting cells. It was driven by type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling to several cell types including dendritic cells, T cells and myeloid cells. Durable B cell responses were restored upon IFN-I receptor blockade or, partially, when depleting myeloid cells or key IFN-I-induced cytokines. B cell decimation represents a molecular mechanism of humoral immune subversion and reflects an unsustainable “all-in” response of B cells in IFN-I-driven inflammation. Overall design: We adoptively transferred naïve KL25HL cells (LCMV-WE-GP-specific B cells) to aIFNAR- or isotype control-treated syngeneic recipient mice, followed by rLCMV-Cl13/WE-GP. On day 3 of infection, spleen were harvested and proliferated KL25HL B cell progeny (CD45.1+B220+CFSElo) were FACS-sorted and total RNA was processed for RNAseq. n=4
Interferon-driven deletion of antiviral B cells at the onset of chronic infection.
Age, Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesCD4 T cells promote innate and adaptive immune responses, but how vaccine-elicited CD4 T cells contribute to immune protection remains unclear.
Vaccine-elicited CD4 T cells induce immunopathology after chronic LCMV infection.
Specimen part, Time
View SamplesWe generated knock-in mice expressing GFP under the control of the endogenous GIP (Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide) promoter that enable the isolation of a purified population of small intestine K cells. Using RNA-Seq, we comprehensively characterized the transcriptomes of GIP-GFP cells as well as the entire enteroendocrine lineage derived from Neurogenin3 (Ngn3)-expressing progenitors. Overall design: We interrogated the whole transcriptome of FACS-isolated small intestine GIPGFP cells using high-throughput mRNA sequencing. We also obtained the global gene expression patterns of the entire enteroendocrine cell lineage as well as the non-enteroendocrine cell population, comprising enterocytes, goblet cells and Paneth cells. To achieve this, small intestine epithelial cells from male mice resulting from the breeding of Neurogenin3 (Ngn3)-Cre mice with ROSA26-LoxP-STOP-LoxP-tomato indicator mice were isolated based on Tomato fluorescence and negative staining for CD45. Due to the small cell numbers, we constructed each of the three RNA-Seq libraries (GIPGFP, Ngn3TOMATO, and Ngn3-) using a pool of equal amounts of individual RNA samples without RNA amplification.
RNA-Seq analysis of enteroendocrine cells reveals a role for FABP5 in the control of GIP secretion.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThe aim of this work was to identify genes induced by IL-9 in the colon of IL-9-tarnsgenic mice (Tg5). Therefore, we performed a comprehensive study of the genes expressed in the colon of IL-9 transgenic and wild type FVB mice, taking advantage of the affymetrix microarray technology.
IL-9 promotes IL-13-dependent paneth cell hyperplasia and up-regulation of innate immunity mediators in intestinal mucosa.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesTime course of early development of peripheral nerve, from embryonic day 9.5 to postnatal day 0.
Efficient isolation and gene expression profiling of small numbers of neural crest stem cells and developing Schwann cells.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesWe used different zebrafish transgenic lines to sort macrophages, neutrophils and immature lymphoid cells from 5-6 day old zebrafish larvae and analyzed their transcriptomes. Comparison between the different transcriptomes and gene ontology analysis revealed specificities for each cell population. Comparison with previously published data showed that zebrafish larval macrophages expressed several known human M1 and M2 macrophages. Transcriptome analysis of uninfected and infected macrophages from embryos infected by of Mycobacterium marinum revealed infection induced transcriptional changes and a shift towards M1 transcriptomic signature. Overall design: Embryos were grown into egg water refresh every day and incubated for 5 or 6 days at 28°C. 0.003% 1-phenyl-2-thiourea (Sigma-Aldrich) was added after 1 day to prevent melanisation. After the incubation period, embryos were dissociated into single cell suspension by Trypsin treatment and fluorescent cells were sorted by FACS. RNA extraction and library preparation were performed as previously described. (Rougeot et al., 2014, Methods Mol Biol 1197:41-66). For infection experiments, zebrafish embryos were manually dechorionated at 24 hours post fertilization (hpf) and were infected by injection in the caudal vein of 125 colony forming unit of Mycobacterium marinum M strain expressing GFP. Infected larvae were collected for FACS sorting 5 day post infection.
Corrigendum: RNAseq Profiling of Leukocyte Populations in Zebrafish Larvae Reveals a <i>cxcl11</i> Chemokine Gene as a Marker of Macrophage Polarization During Mycobacterial Infection.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesA characteristic feature of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is the significant reduction of the T-cell expression program despite its T-cell origin, a finding very similar to the loss of B-cell identity of classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). Previously we demonstrated that epigenetic mechanisms are active in cHL to induce this peculiar phenotype. The results show that combined DNA demethylation and histone acetylation of T-cell lines induce an almost complete extinction of the T-cell phenotype, including the down-regulation of essential T-cell receptor signalling pathway genes such as CD3, LCK and ZAP70, as well as an up-regulation of ALCL-characteristic genes. In contrast, combined DNA demethylation and histone acetylation of ALCL cells is not able to reconstitute their T-cell phenotype. This clearly demonstrates that similar epigenetic mechanisms are active in ALCL and cHL which are responsible for the extinction of their cell type characteristic phenotype.
Histone acetylation and DNA demethylation of T cells result in an anaplastic large cell lymphoma-like phenotype.
Specimen part, Cell line, Treatment
View SamplesConditional ablation of Ezh2 in the neural crest lineage results in loss of the neural crest-derived mesenchymal derivatives. In this data sheet we determine gene expression analysis in Ezh2lox/lox and Wnt1Cre Ezh2lox/lox in E11.5 mouse BA1 cells.
Ezh2 is required for neural crest-derived cartilage and bone formation.
Specimen part
View SamplesBrief expression of pluripotency-associated factors such as Oct4, Klf4, Sox2 and c-Myc (OKSM), in combination with differentiation-inducing signals, has been reported to trigger transdifferentiation of fibroblasts into other cell types. Here we show that OKSM expression in mouse fibroblasts gives rise to both induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and induced neural stem cells (iNSCs) under conditions previously shown to induce only iNSCs. Fibroblast-derived iNSC colonies silenced retroviral transgenes and reactivated silenced X chromosomes, both hallmarks of pluripotent stem cells. Moreover, lineage tracing with an Oct4-CreER labeling system demonstrated that virtually all iNSC colonies originated from cells transiently expressing Oct4, whereas ablation of Oct4+ cells prevented iNSC formation. Lastly, an alternative transdifferentiation cocktail that lacks Oct4 and was reportedly unable to support induced pluripotency yielded iPSCs and iNSCs carrying the Oct4-CreER-derived lineage label. Together, these data suggest that iNSC generation from fibroblasts using OKSM and other pluripotency-related reprogramming factors requires passage through a transient iPSC state.
Lineage conversion induced by pluripotency factors involves transient passage through an iPSC stage.
Sex, Specimen part
View Samples