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SRP032798
Homo sapiens
16 Downloadable Samples
IlluminaHiSeq2000
Description
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severe neurodegenerative condition characterized by loss of motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. Expansions of a hexanucleotide repeat (GGGGCC) in the noncoding region of the C9ORF72 gene are the most common cause of the familial form of ALS (C9-ALS), as well as frontotemporal lobar degeneration and other neurological diseases. How the repeat expansion causes disease remains unclear, with both loss of function (haploinsufficiency) and gain of function (either toxic RNA or protein products) proposed. We report a cellular model of C9-ALS with motor neurons differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from ALS patients carrying the C9ORF72 repeat expansion. No significant loss of C9ORF72 expression was observed, and knockdown of the transcript was not toxic to cultured human motor neurons. Transcription of the repeat was increased, leading to accumulation of GGGGCC repeat–containing RNA foci selectively in C9-ALS iPSC-derived motor neurons. Repeat-containing RNA foci colocalized with hnRNPA1 and Pur-a, suggesting that they may be able to alter RNA metabolism. C9-ALS motor neurons showed altered expression of genes involved in membrane excitability including DPP6, and demonstrated a diminished capacity to fire continuous spikes upon depolarization compared to control motor neurons. Antisense oligonucleotides targeting the C9ORF72 transcript suppressed RNA foci formation and reversed gene expression alterations in C9-ALS motor neurons. These data show that patient-derived motor neurons can be used to delineate pathogenic events in ALS. Overall design: Transcriptome profiling from iPSC derived motor neurons compared to controls
Publication Title
Targeting RNA foci in iPSC-derived motor neurons from ALS patients with a C9ORF72 repeat expansion.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 23 Downloadable Samples
- Illumina HiSeq 2000, Ion Torrent Proton
Description
Noncoding expansions of a hexanucleotide repeat (GGGGCC) in the C9orf72 gene are the most common cause of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. Here we report transgenic mice carrying a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) containing the full human C9orf72 gene with either a normal allele (15 repeats) or disease-associated expansion (~100–1,000 repeats; C9-BACexp). C9-BACexp mice displayed pathologic features seen in C9orf72 expansion patients, including widespread RNA foci and repeat-associated non-ATG (RAN) translated dipeptides, which were suppressed by antisense oligonucleotides targeting human C9orf72. Nucleolin distribution was altered, supporting that either C9orf72 transcripts or RAN dipeptides promote nucleolar dysfunction. Despite early and widespread production of RNA foci and RAN dipeptides in C9-BACexp mice, behavioral abnormalities and neurodegeneration were not observed even at advanced ages, supporting the hypothesis that RNA foci and RAN dipeptides occur presymptomatically and are not sufficient to drive neurodegeneration in mice at levels seen in patients. Overall design: To compare the RNA Seq profiles from the cortex and spinal cord of transgenic mice expressing unexpanded human C9orf72 (F08, n=4), expanded human C9orf72 (F112, n=3/4), and nontransgenic controls (n=4).
Publication Title
C9orf72 BAC Transgenic Mice Display Typical Pathologic Features of ALS/FTD.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 13 Downloadable Samples
Affymetrix Human Genome U133A Array (hgu133a)
Description
In these microarray experiments, we characterize the gene expression of mammary epithelial cells (MCF10A cells) grown in either a traditional monolayer cell culture setting (2D) or on Matrigel, which induces single MCF10A cells to form organized acinar structures (3D). Morphogenesis of mammary epithelial cells into organized acinar structures in vitro is accompanied by widespread changes in gene expression patterns, including a substantial decrease in expression of Myc.
Publication Title
Epithelial cell organization suppresses Myc function by attenuating Myc expression.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Cell line, Time
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 4 Downloadable Samples
- Illumina Genome Analyzer II
Description
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small RNA molecules that regulate expression of specific mRNA targets. They can be released from cells, often encapsulated within extracellular vesicles (EVs), and therefore have the potential to mediate intercellular communication. It has been suggested that certain miRNAs may be selectively exported, although the mechanism has yet to be identified. Manipulation of the miRNA content of EVs will be important for future therapeutic applications. We therefore wished to assess which endogenous miRNAs are enriched in EVs and how effectively an overexpressed miRNA would be exported. Small RNA libraries from HEK293T cells and vesicles before or after transfection with a vector for miR-146 overexpression were analysed by deep sequencing. A subset of miRNAs was found to be enriched in EVs. The global expression data provided by deep sequencing confirms that specific miRNAs are enriched in EVs released by HEK293T cells. Overall design: Cells were transfected with a plasmid to direct overexpression of miR-146a. Extracellular vesicles were isolated by ultracentrifugation from untreated and transfected cells. RNA was isolated from one sample each of untreated and transfected cells and vesicles.Small RNA libraries were prepared for sequencing.
Publication Title
Selective extracellular vesicle-mediated export of an overlapping set of microRNAs from multiple cell types.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Subject
View Samples- Rattus norvegicus
- 9 Downloadable Samples
- IlluminaGenomeAnalyzer
Description
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate target gene expression through mRNA cleavage or translational repression. There is mounting evidence that they play critical roles in heart disease. The expression of known miRNAs in the heart has been studied at length by microarray and quantitative PCR but it is becoming evident that microRNA isoforms (isomiRs) are potentially physiologically important. It is well known that left ventricular (patho)physiology is influenced by transmural heterogeneity of cardiomyocyte phenotype, and this likely reflects underlying heterogeneity of gene expression. Given the significant role of miRNAs in regulating gene expression, knowledge of how the miRNA profile varies across the ventricular wall will be crucial to better understand the mechanisms governing transmural physiological heterogeneity. To determinine miRNA/isomiR expression profiles in the rat heart we investigated tissue from different locations across the left ventricular wall using deep sequencing. We detected significant quantities of 145 known rat miRNAs and 68 potential novel orthologs of known miRNAs, in mature, mature* and isomiR formation. Many isomiRs were detected at a higher frequency than their canonical sequence in miRBase and have different predicted targets. The most common miR-133a isomiR was more effective at targeting a construct containing a sequence from the gelsolin gene than was canonical miR-133a, as determined by dual-fluorescence assay. We identified a novel rat miR-1 homolog from a second miR-1 gene; and a novel rat miRNA similar to miR-676. We also cloned and sequenced the rat miR-486 gene which is not in miRBase (v18). Signalling pathways predicted to be targeted by the most highly detected miRNAs include Ubiquitin-mediated Proteolysis, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase, Regulation of Actin Cytoskeleton, Wnt signalling, Calcium Signalling, Gap junctions and Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy. Most miRNAs are not expressed in a gradient across the ventricular wall, with exceptions including miR-10b, miR-21, miR-99b and miR-486. Overall design: The hearts of 3 male 8 month old Sprague-Dawley rats were rapidly extracted after euthanasia with sodium pentobarbital. A section of the free wall of the left ventricle was dissected into epicardium, mid-myocardium and endocardium by cutting approximately 1 mm from the epicardial and endocardial surfaces. Small RNA was extracted (miRNeasy Kit; Qiagen, Crawley UK), quantified (Nanodrop; Thermo Scientific) and quality assessed for degradation (RNA Nano Chip, Bioanalyser 2100; Aligent Technologies, Wokingham UK; only samples with a RNA integrity no. (RIN) =8 were carried forward) and retention of small RNA (Small RNA Chip, Bioanalyser 2100). Small RNA was preferentially ligated with adapters, reverse transcribed into cDNA and amplified with 9 individually tagged primer indices (TruSeq Small RNA Sample Preparation Kit; Illumina, Little Chesterford, UK) and a library of small RNA created for each sample. After gel purification the cDNA products were again analysed on the bioanalyser using a High Sensitivity DNA Chip and assessed for the presence and concentration of the peak corresponding to ligated and tagged miRNA (approximately 147nt). Only samples with suitable RIN values exhibiting good retention of small RNA species were used for library preparation. After pooling, the samples were sequenced by TrinSeq (Trinity Genome Sequencing Lab & Neuropsychiatric Genetics Group, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland (http://www.medicine.tcd.ie/sequencing); using TruSeq SR Cluster Kit v5 (Illumina) and the resultant data trimmed and aligned to miRBase v18 (CLC Genomics Workbench v4.0; CLC bio, Swansea UK).
Publication Title
Distinctive profile of IsomiR expression and novel microRNAs in rat heart left ventricle.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 42 Downloadable Samples
- Illumina HiSeq 2500
Description
Transcriptome analysis was conducted on vorinostat resistant HCT116 cells (HCT116-VR) upon knockdown of potential vorinostat resistance candidate genes in the presence and absence of vorinostat. Potential vorinostat resistance candidate genes chosen for this study were GLI1 and PSMD13, which were identified through a genome-wide synthetic lethal RNA interference screen. To understand the transcriptional events underpinning the effect of GLI1 and PSMD13 knockdown (sensitisation to vorinostat-induced apoptosis), cells were first subjected to gene knockdown, then to treatment with vorinsotat or the solvent control. Two timepoints for drug treatment were assessed: a timepoint before induction of apoptosis (4hrs for siGLI1 and 8hrs for siPSMD13) and a timepoint when apoptosis could be detected (8hrs for siGLI1 and 12hrs for siPSMD13). Overall design: There are 42 samples in total, from triplicate independent biological experiments of 14 samples each.
Publication Title
A genome scale RNAi screen identifies GLI1 as a novel gene regulating vorinostat sensitivity.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 9 Downloadable Samples
- Illumina HiSeq 2000
Description
Immune responses in hemophilia A patients to replacement factor VIII can be either tolerogenic or immunogenic, the latter resulting in induction of non-neutralizing anti-factor VIII antibodies or neutralizing antibodies called inhibitors. Since these inhibitors render replacement FVIII treatment essentially ineffective, preventing or eliminating them are of top priority in disease management. The extended half-life recombinant factor VIII Fc fusion protein (rFVIIIFc) is an approved therapy for hemophilia A patients. In addition, it has been reported that rFVIIIFc can induce tolerance to FVIII in hemophilia A patients that have developed inhibitors. Given that the IgG1 Fc region has the potential to interact with immune cells expressing Fc receptors and thereby affect the immune response to rFVIII, we investigated how human macrophages, expressing both Fc receptors and receptors reported to bind FVIII, respond to rFVIIIFc. We show herein that rFVIIIFc, but not rFVIII, uniquely skews macrophages towards an alternatively activated regulatory phenotype. rFVIIIFc initiates signaling events that result in morphological changes, as well as a specific gene expression and metabolic profile that is characteristic of the regulatory type Mox/M2-like macrophages. Further, these changes are dependent on rFVIIIFc-Fc receptor interactions. Our findings elucidate mechanisms of potential immunomodulatory properties of rFVIIIFc. Overall design: Human monocyte-derived macrophages (n=3) were treated with hIgG1, rFVIII or rFVIIIFc for 6h
Publication Title
Recombinant factor VIII Fc fusion protein drives regulatory macrophage polarization.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Treatment, Subject
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 58 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array (hgu133plus2)
Description
Enriched tumor epithelium from 61 primary and metastasis tumor specimens was obtained by laser capture microdissection (LCM) as previously described (Boersma et al., 2007). In brief, frozen 8-m serial sections from OCT-preserved frozen tissues were prepared and mounted on plain, uncharged microscope slides. One Hematoxylin/eosin-stained section of each specimen was reviewed by a pathologist to confirm diagnosis and presence of tumor. The pathologist indicated which representative sections of the tumors should be microdissected. LCM was performed with the Pixcell II LCM system (Arcturus, Mountain View, CA). Total RNA was isolated using the PicoPure protocol (Arcturus, Mountain View, CA). The mRNA was amplified with two linear amplification steps by in vitro transcription using the MEGAscript T7 kit (Ambion, Austin, TX) followed by the labeling step using the BioArray HighYield RNA Transcript Labeling Kit T3 from Enzo Life Sciences (Farmingdale, NY). Labeled cRNA was hybridized onto Affymetix GeneChip HG-U133 Plus 2.0 Arrays.
Publication Title
Integrative genomic and transcriptomic characterization of matched primary and metastatic liver and colorectal carcinoma.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 12 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Array (mogene10st)
Description
Dnmt3a catalyzes DNA methylation of gDNA, which contributes to the transriptional regulations of genes and genomic stability.
Publication Title
Methylation-independent repression of Dnmt3b contributes to oncogenic activity of Dnmt3a in mouse MYC-induced T-cell lymphomagenesis.
Sample Metadata Fields
Age, Specimen part
View Samples- Danio rerio
- 4 Downloadable Samples
- IlluminaHiSeq2000
Description
Exposure to bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor (ED), has raised concerns for both human and ecosystem health. Epigenetic factors, including microRNAs, are key regulators of gene expression during cancer. The effect of BPA exposure on the zebrafish epigenome remains poorly characterized. Zebrafish represents an excellent model to study cancer as the organism develops disease that resembles human cancer. Using zebrafish as systems toxicology model, we hypothesized that chronic BPA-exposure impacts the miRNome in adult zebrafish and establishes an epigenome more susceptible to cancer development. After a 21 day exposure to 100 nM BPA, RNA from the liver was extracted to perform high throughput mRNA and miRNA sequencing. Differential expression (DE) analyses comparing BPA-exposed to control specimens were performed using established bioinformatics pipelines. In the BPA-exposed liver, 6,188 mRNAs and 15 miRNAs were differently expressed (q = 0.1). By analyzing human orthologs of the DE zebrafish genes signatures associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial dysfunction and cell cycle were uncovered. Chronic exposure to BPA has a significant impact on the liver miRNome in adult zebrafish and has the potential to cause adverse outcomes including cancer. Overall design: Examination of transcriptome changes in an in vivo model organism exposed to a common, environmental compound.
Publication Title
The Plasticizer Bisphenol A Perturbs the Hepatic Epigenome: A Systems Level Analysis of the miRNome.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples