Transcriptom analysis of stellate sympathetic ganglia after 8 weeks of cardiac pressure overload caused by transverse aortic constriction.
Sympathetic alpha(2)-adrenoceptors prevent cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in mice at baseline but not after chronic pressure overload.
Sex
View SamplesEffects of IL-4 on CD8 T cells functions are largely unknown. IL-4 induces survival and proliferation of CD8 T cells, but several studies suggest that IL-4 could also affect several functions of CD8 T cells such as cytotoxicity. Our team has shown that IL-4 repress the expression of Ccl5 in vitro.
Negative regulation of NKG2D expression by IL-4 in memory CD8 T cells.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesSystemic lupus erythematosous (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with an important clinical and biological heterogeneity. B lymphocytes appear central to the development of SLE which is characterized by the production of a large variety of autoantibodies and hypergammaglobulinemia. In mice, immature B cells from spontaneous lupus prone animals are able to produce autoantibodies when transferred into immunodeficient mice, strongly suggesting the existence of intrinsic B cell defects during lupus. In order to approach these defects in humans, we compared the peripheral B cell transcriptomes of quiescent lupus patients to normal B cell transcriptomes.
B cell signature during inactive systemic lupus is heterogeneous: toward a biological dissection of lupus.
Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage, Subject
View SamplesObjective: Microarray analysis was used to determine the molecular mechanism underlying Fancd2 and Foxo3a double knockout mice HSCs exhaustion.
Fancd2 is required for nuclear retention of Foxo3a in hematopoietic stem cell maintenance.
Specimen part
View SamplesTranscriptome analysis comparing naive, protective and non-protective spleen memory CD8 T lymphocytes were conducted to identify key functions associated with memory CD8-mediated immune protection. Memory CD8 T cells generated in response to influenza or vaccinia infection (Flu-memory and VV-memory) were compared to inflammatory memory cells (TIM) that were generated by peptide in inflammatory context. Gene expression analysis was performed on quiescent and re-stimulated CD8 T cells.
Immune signatures of protective spleen memory CD8 T cells.
Specimen part
View SamplesEnteric glial cells (EGCs) are the main constituent of the enteric nervous system and share similarities with astrocytes from the central nervous system including their reactivity to an inflammator microenvironment. In this study we isolated GFAP-positive myenteric glia from FVB/hGFAP-eGFP transgenic postnatal day 7 mice. Following cell sorting for the eGFP reporter, GFAP-positive EGCs were cultured for 3 weeks to generate neurosphere-like bodies. This cell culture was stimulated with LPS for 48 h and cells were employed for gene expression profiling. LPS-stimulated cell cultures were compared to untreated control cell cultures. Enriched GFAP+ EGC cultures secreted increased levels of prominent inflammatory cytokines upon LPS stimulation. Further, in vitro cultures were compared to GFAP-eGFP-positive cells directly analyzed after cell sorting of small intestinal LMMP digests (in vivo) to assess alterations in transcriptomic profiles due to the in vitro culture.
Activation of Myenteric Glia during Acute Inflammation In Vitro and In Vivo.
Specimen part
View Samplessubstantial number of people at risk to develop type 2 diabetes could not improve insulin sensitivity by physical training intervention. We studied the mechanisms of this impaired exercise response in 20 middle-aged individuals who performed a controlled eight weeks cycling and walking training at 80 % individual VO2max. Participants identified as non-responders in insulin sensitivity (based on Matsuda index) did not differ in pre-intervention parameters compared to high responders. The failure to increase insulin sensitivity after training correlates with impaired up-regulation of mitochondrial fuel oxidation genes in skeletal muscle, and with the suppression of the upstream regulators PGC1 and AMPK2. The muscle transcriptome of the non-responders is further characterized by an activation of TGF and TGF target genes, which is associated with increases in inflammatory and macrophage markers. TGF1 as inhibitor of mitochondrial regulators and insulin signaling is validated in human skeletal muscle cells. Activated TGF1 signaling down-regulates the abundance of PGC1, AMPK2, mitochondrial transcription factor TFAM, and of mitochondrial enzymes. Thus, increased TGF activity in skeletal muscle can attenuate the improvement of mitochondrial fuel oxidation after training and contribute to the failure to increase insulin sensitivity.
TGF-β Contributes to Impaired Exercise Response by Suppression of Mitochondrial Key Regulators in Skeletal Muscle.
Specimen part
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Mapping gene regulatory circuitry of Pax6 during neurogenesis.
Specimen part
View SamplesPax6 is a highly conserved transcription factor among vertebrates and is important in various aspects of the central nervous system (CNS) development. However, the gene regulatory circuitry of Pax6 underlying these functions remains elusive. We find that, following expression in neural progenitor cells, Pax6 targets many promoters embedded in an active chromatin environment. Intriguingly, many of these sites are also bound by another progenitor factor, Sox2, which cooperates with Pax6 in gene regulation. A combinatorial analysis of Pax6 binding dataset with transcriptome changes in Pax6-deficient neural progenitors reveals a dual role for Pax6, in which it activates the neuronal (ectodermal) genes while concurrently represses the mesodermal and endodermal genes thereby ensuring the unidirectionality of lineage commitment towards glutamatergic neuronal differentiation. Furthermore, Pax6 is critical for inducing activity of transcription factors that elicit neurogenesis and repress others that promote non-neuronal lineages. In addition to many established downstream effectors, Pax6 directly binds and activates a number of genes that are specifically expressed in neural progenitors but have not been previously implicated in neurogenesis. The in utero knockdown of one such gene, Ift74, during brain development impairs polarity and migration of new-born neurons. These findings demonstrate new aspects of the gene regulatory circuitry of Pax6, revealing how it functions to control neuronal development at multiple levels to ensure unidirectionality and proper execution of the neurogenic program.
Mapping gene regulatory circuitry of Pax6 during neurogenesis.
Specimen part
View SamplesEpithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) facilitate breast cancer (BC) metastasis, however stable molecular changes that result as a consequence of these processes remain poorly defined. Therefore, we sought to identify molecular markers that could distinguish tumor cells that had completed the EMT:MET cycle in the hopes of identifying and targeting unique aspects of metastatic tumor outgrowth.Therefore, normal murine mammary gland (NMumG) cells transformed by overexpression of EGFR (NME) cells were cultured in the presence of TGF-beta1 (5 ng/ml) for 4 weeks, at which point TGF-beta1 supplementation was discontinued and the cells were allowed to recover for an additional 4 weeks (Post-TGF-Rec). Total RNA was prepared from unstimulated cells (Pre-TGF) of similar passage and compared by microarray analysis.
Fibroblast growth factor receptor splice variants are stable markers of oncogenic transforming growth factor β1 signaling in metastatic breast cancers.
Specimen part
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