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GSE11687
Mus musculus
12 Downloadable Samples
Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array (mouse4302)
Description
The Ca2+ oscillations initiated by the fertilizing sperm (but terminating concomitant with pronucleus formation) apparently ensure that the events constituting egg activation occur in the correct temporal order; early events (e.g., cortical granule exocytosis) require fewer oscillations than later events (e.g., recruitment of maternal mRNA). Whether the Ca2+ signaling events impact long-term development, in particular development to term, is unknown. Using fertilized eggs that have undergone the first few Ca2+ oscillations, we developed procedures that result either in inhibiting or stimulating the natural pattern of Ca2+ signaling of inseminated eggs. Although the incidence of development to the blastocyst stage is unaltered by these procedures, fewer offspring are born following embryo transfer, indicating that developmental competence of the blastocysts is reduced. Interestingly, embryo transfer experiments reveal that when the natural regime of Ca2+ oscillations is precociously interrupted, the incidence of implantation is compromised whereas hyper-stimulation of Ca2+ signaling events compromises post-implantation development. Moreover, although there was no major difference in the overall growth rates of the offspring, those obtained following hyper-stimulation exhibited a far greater variability in their weight. Analysis of global patterns of gene expression by microarray analysis revealed that approximately 20% of the transcripts are mis-regulated when too few oscillations are experienced by the embryo and EASE analysis indicates that genes preferentially involved in RNA processing and polymerase II transcription are differentially affected. In addition, a set of genes involved in cell adhesion is also mis-expressed and could thus be mechanistically linked to the observed reduced implantation. Only about 3% of the transcripts were mis-regulated following hyper-stimulation, and EASE analysis indicates that genes preferentially involved in metabolism are differentially affected. In toto, these results indicate that a range Ca2+ signaling events following fertilization (an excess or reduction) has long-term effects on both gene expression and development to term.
Publication Title
Ca2+ oscillatory pattern in fertilized mouse eggs affects gene expression and development to term.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 12 Downloadable Samples
Illumina HiSeq 2500
Description
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising anti-cancer protein that can specifically kill tumor cells while sparing healthy ones. Emerging evidences suggest that TRAIL resistance in cancers is associated with aberrant expression of the key components of the apoptotic program. However, how these components are regulated at the epigenetic level is not understood. In this study, we aimed to identify novel epigenetic mechanisms regulating TRAIL response in Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) by a short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) screen. We employed an shRNA-mediated loss of function approach to interrogate the role of 48 genes in DNA and histone modification pathways. From this we identified KDM2B, an H3K36-specific demethylase, as a novel regulator of TRAIL response. Accordingly, silencing of KDM2B significantly enhanced TRAIL sensitivity, the activation of Caspase-8, Caspase-3, Caspase-7, and cleavage of PARP. KDM2B knockdown also accelerated the apoptosis process, as revealed by live cell imaging experiments. Moreover, simultaneous knockdown of the methyltransferases responsible for generating the histone marks removed by KDM2B significantly recovered the cell death phenotype observed with KDM2B inhibition. To decipher the downstream molecular pathways regulated by KDM2B, levels of apoptosis-related genes were examined by RNA-sequencing and quantitative PCR upon KDM2B loss, which revealed de-repression of pro-apoptotic genes HRK, caspase-7, and DR4 and repression of anti-apoptotic gene Mcl-1. The apoptosis phenotype was dependent on HRK upregulation, as HRK knockdown significantly abrogated the sensitization. In vivo, KDM2B-silenced tumors exhibited slower growth and reduced angiogenic capacity compared to controls. Taken together, our findings suggest a novel mechanism regulating apoptotic response, where the key apoptosis components are under epigenetic control of KDM2B in GBM cells. Overall design: mRNA profiles of U87MG GBM cells transduced either by control shRNA or shRNA targeting KDM2B were generated by RNA-seq (Illumina HiSeq 2500). 2 biological replicates of shControl and shKDM2B total RNAs were barcoded individually and deep sequenced as 3 technical replicates each in 3 lanes.
Publication Title
KDM2B, an H3K36-specific demethylase, regulates apoptotic response of GBM cells to TRAIL.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Subject
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 2 Downloadable Samples
- Illumina Genome Analyzer IIx
Description
High-throughput sequencing of mRNA from mouse lung infected with 1918 pandemic influenza virus revealed that reactive oxygen species scavenger EUK-207 treatment resulted in decreased expression of inflammatory response genes and increased lung metabolic and repair responses.
Publication Title
Treatment with the reactive oxygen species scavenger EUK-207 reduces lung damage and increases survival during 1918 influenza virus infection in mice.
Sample Metadata Fields
No sample metadata fields
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