Background: Beta-adrenergic receptor agonists (BA) induce skeletal muscle hypertrophy, yet specific mechanisms that lead to this effect are not well understood. The objective of this research was to identify novel genes and physiological pathways that potentially facilitate BA induced skeletal muscle growth. We chose to evaluate global changes in gene expression by utilizing the Affymetrix platform to identify gene expression changes in mouse skeletal muscle. Changes in gene expression were evaluated 24 h (1D) and 10 days (10D) after administration of the BA clenbuterol.
Changes in skeletal muscle gene expression following clenbuterol administration.
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View SamplesElectroacupuncture is the combination of traditional acupuncture and modern electrotherapy. Here we provide a mechanism for the beneficial effects of electroacupuncture and show that stimulation of the equine acupoints LI-4, LI-11 and GV-14 and Bai-hui results in mobilization of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into the systemic circulation, which was accompanied by a time-dependent increase in plasma levels of norepinephrine (p=0.02). MSC differentiation was preferentially directed towards osteogenic rather than adipogenic lineages. Additionally, MSCs enhanced arterialization of blood vessels in vivo when implanted with human endothelial colony forming cells in oligomeric collagen matrices in NOD/SCID mice. When compared to equine bone marrow-derived MSCs or to equine adipose-tissue-derived MSCs, through the use of a microarray, these cells clustered separately. The electroacupuncture -mobilized cells showed increased expression of genes involved in cell growth and proliferation, compared to the bone marrow cells. These findings provide a new insight into the mechanism of the beneficial effects of acupuncture. Our findings suggest the involvement of neuronal regulation in the mobilization of reparative MSCs, and use of electroacupuncture at these designated points may be considered to treat acute and chronic inflammation following injury for which MSCs have been deemed beneficial.
Electroacupuncture Promotes Central Nervous System-Dependent Release of Mesenchymal Stem Cells.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesMurine C26 tumor xenografts displayed different responses to the treatments of PBS, Doxorubicin (Dox), and chimeric polypeptide (CP)-Dox conjugates. We used microarrays to globally study gene expression underlying these different responses and identified distinct classes of up-regulated or down-regulated genes upon treatment.
Self-assembling chimeric polypeptide-doxorubicin conjugate nanoparticles that abolish tumours after a single injection.
Age, Specimen part
View SamplesWe used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression underlying cellularisation and identified distinct classes of up-regulated genes during this process.
Bone healing in an aged murine fracture model is characterized by sustained callus inflammation and decreased cell proliferation.
Specimen part
View SamplesSamples of primary tumors collected from 23 ovarian cancer patients
Machine learning predicts individual cancer patient responses to therapeutic drugs with high accuracy.
Sex, Specimen part, Disease
View SamplesDuring embryogenesis, cell specification and tissue formation is directed by the concentration and temporal presentation of morphogens, and similarly, pluripotent embryonic stem cells differentiate in vitro into various phenotypes in response to morphogen treatment. Embryonic stem cells are commonly differentiated as three dimensional spheroids called embryoid bodies (EBs); however, differentiation within EBs is typically heterogeneous and disordered. Here we show that spatiotemporal control of microenvironmental cues embedded directly within EBs enhances the homogeneity, synchrony and organization of differentiation. Degradable polymer microspheres releasing retinoic acid within EBs induce the formation of cystic spheroids closely resembling the early streak mouse embryo, with an exterior of visceral endoderm enveloping an epiblast layer. These results demonstrate that controlled morphogen presentation to stem cells more efficiently directs cell differentiation and tissue formation, thereby improving developmental biology models and enabling the development of regenerative medicine therapies and cell diagnostics.
Homogeneous and organized differentiation within embryoid bodies induced by microsphere-mediated delivery of small molecules.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesCompetitive inhibitors of acetyl-lysine binding to the bromodomains of the BET (bromodomain and extra terminal) family are being developed for the treatment of solid and heme malignancies. BET family member BRD4 function at enhancers/super-enhancers has been shown to sustain signal-dependent or pathogenic gene expression programs.
HEXIM1 as a Robust Pharmacodynamic Marker for Monitoring Target Engagement of BET Family Bromodomain Inhibitors in Tumors and Surrogate Tissues.
Specimen part
View SamplesTo identify genes that are modulated by BET inhibitors in blood, we determined global gene expression changes in ABBV-075-treated mouse whole blood samples
HEXIM1 as a Robust Pharmacodynamic Marker for Monitoring Target Engagement of BET Family Bromodomain Inhibitors in Tumors and Surrogate Tissues.
Specimen part
View SamplesDetermination of transcriptional alterations in skin samples from ABBV-075 treated mice
HEXIM1 as a Robust Pharmacodynamic Marker for Monitoring Target Engagement of BET Family Bromodomain Inhibitors in Tumors and Surrogate Tissues.
Specimen part
View SamplesTo identify genes that are modulated by BET inhibitors in blood, we determined global gene expression changes in ABBV-075-treated human PBMC samples
HEXIM1 as a Robust Pharmacodynamic Marker for Monitoring Target Engagement of BET Family Bromodomain Inhibitors in Tumors and Surrogate Tissues.
Specimen part
View Samples