Pulmonary alveoli are complex architectural units thought to undergo endogenous or pharmacologically induced programs of regeneration and degeneration. To study the molecular mechanism of alveoli loss mice were calorie restricted at different timepoints. Lungs were harvested and processed for RNA extraction.
Calorie-related rapid onset of alveolar loss, regeneration, and changes in mouse lung gene expression.
Time
View SamplesIt has been shown that dexamethasone (Dex) impairs the normal lung septation that occurs in the early postnatal period. Treatment with retinoic acid (ATRA) abrogates the effects of Dex. To understand the molecular basis for the Dex indiced inhibition of the formation of the alveoli and the ability of ATRA to prevent the inhibition of septation, gene expression was analyzed in 4-day old mice treated with diluent (control), Dex-treated and ATRA+Dex-treated.
DNA microarray analysis of neonatal mouse lung connects regulation of KDR with dexamethasone-induced inhibition of alveolar formation.
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View SamplesOur studies provide direct evidence that O-glycosylation pathways play a role in the regulation of cell growth through apoptosis and proliferation pathways. Eight small molecular weight analogues of the GalNAc-alpha-1-O-serine/threonine structure based on 1-benzyl-2-acetamido-2- deoxy-alpha-O-D-galactopyranoside have been synthesised and tested in 5 human colorectal cancer cell lines. Three inhibitors, 1-benzyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-O-D-galactopyranoside and the corresponding 2-azido- and C-glycoside analogues, were screened in two colorectal cancer cell lines at 0.5mM and showed induction of apoptosis. Proliferation was down regulated in the same two cell lines with all three inhibitors, as detected by Ki67 staining and gene array. Treatment both cell lines with inhibitors led to changes in glycosylation detected with peanut lectin. The competitive action of the inhibitors resulted in the intracellular formation of 28 aryl-glycan products which were identified by MALDI and electrospray mass spectroscopy. The structures found map onto known O-glycosylation biosynthetic pathways and showed a differential pattern for each of the inhibitors in both cell lines. Gene array analysis of the glycogenes illustrated a pattern of glycosytransferases that matched the glycan structures found in glycoproteins and aryl-glycans formed in the PC/AA/C1/SB10C cells, however there was no action of the three inhibitors on glycogene transcript levels. The inhibitors act at both intermediary metabolic and genomic levels, resulting in altered protein glycosylation and arylglycan formation. These events may play a part in growth arrest.
O-glycan inhibitors generate aryl-glycans, induce apoptosis and lead to growth inhibition in colorectal cancer cell lines.
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View SamplesSalivary tumors isolated from MMTV-ras transgenic mice expressing wild-type p53, no p53 or p53R172H gain-of-funcion mutant were subjected to genome-wide gene expression profiling to assess the effect of the different p53 status on tumor gene expression.
Comparison of effects of p53 null and gain-of-function mutations on salivary tumors in MMTV-Hras transgenic mice.
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View SamplesBackground: Turner syndrome, a common sex chromosome aneuploidy, has characteristics and malformations associated with the phenotype. Fetal amniotic fluid is a complex biological material that could contribute to the understanding Turner syndrome pathogenesis. Global gene expression analysis of Turner syndrome fetal amniotic fluid supernatant was utilized to identify organ systems and specific genes that may play a role in the pathophysiologic changes that are seen in individuals with Turner syndrome.
Amniotic fluid RNA gene expression profiling provides insights into the phenotype of Turner syndrome.
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View SamplesSchimke immuno-osseous dysplasia (SIOD) is a multisystemic disorder caused by biallelic mutations in SWI/SNF-related matrix associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily A-like protein 1 (SMARCAL1). Changes in gene expression appear to underlie the immunodeficiency and arteriosclerosis of SIOD; therefore, we hypothesized that SMARCAL1 deficiency alters renal gene expression to cause the focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) of SIOD, and that these gene expression alterations would be comparable to those observed in isolated FSGS. We tested this hypothesis by gene expression microarray analysis.
Increased Wnt and Notch signaling: a clue to the renal disease in Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia?
Sex
View SamplesSchimke immuno-osseous dysplasia (SIOD) is a multisystemic disorder caused by biallelic mutations in SWI/SNF-related matrix associated actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily A-like protein 1 (SMARCAL1). Changes in gene expression appear to underlie the immunodeficiency and arteriosclerosis of SIOD; therefore, we hypothesized that SMARCAL1 deficiency alters renal gene expression to cause the focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) of SIOD. We tested this hypothesis by transcriptome analysis and quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) of an SIOD patient kidney, a genetic screen and immunofluorescence. These showed increased expression of genes in the Wnt and Notch signaling pathways in an SIOD patient kidney, interaction of Marcal1 with genes encoding components of the Wnt and Notch signaling pathways, and increased levels of unphosphorylated b-catenin and Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD) in the glomeruli of SIOD patient kidneys. Given that increased Wnt and Notch activity are established causes of FSGS, we hypothesize that SMARCAL1 deficiency increases the activity of one or both of these pathways to cause the renal disease of most SIOD patients. Overall design: Comparison of mRNA levels between the kidney tissue of a Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia (SIOD) patient and an unaffected control
Increased Wnt and Notch signaling: a clue to the renal disease in Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia?
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View SamplesThe initiation of the mucosal immune response in Peyers patch (PP) relies on the sampling, processing and efficient presentation of foreign antigens by dendritic cells (DC). PP DC encompass five subsets, among which CD11b+ conventional DC (cDC) and LysoDC have distinct progenitors and functions but share many cell surface markers. This has previously led to confusion between these two subsets. In addition, another PP DC subset, termed double-negative (DN), remains poorly characterized. Here, we have studied the genetic relatedness of the different subsets of PP cDC at steady state and under TLR7 ligand stimulation. We also provide the transcriptional profiles of subepithelial TIM-4- and interfollicular TIM-4+ macrophages.
Distribution, location, and transcriptional profile of Peyer's patch conventional DC subsets at steady state and under TLR7 ligand stimulation.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesReprogramming offers the possibility to study cell fate acquisitions otherwise difficult to address in vivo. By monitoring the dynamics of gene expression during direct reprogramming of astrocytes into different neuronal subtypes via the activation of Neurog2 and Ascl1, we demonstrate that these proneural factors control largely different neurogenic programs. Among the cascades induced, however, we identified a common subset of transcription factors required for both Neurog2- and Ascl1-induced reprogramming, and combinations of these factors comprising NeuroD4 were sufficient to generate functional neurons. Notably, during astrocyte maturation REST prevents Neurog2 from binding to the NeuroD4 locus that becomes then enriched with histone H4 lysine 20 tri-methylation.
Transcriptional Mechanisms of Proneural Factors and REST in Regulating Neuronal Reprogramming of Astrocytes.
Sex, Specimen part, Treatment, Time
View SamplesEffect of NF-kB inhibition and activation on gene expression in mouse and human lung cancer cell-lines.
Lung tumor NF-κB signaling promotes T cell-mediated immune surveillance.
Cell line
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