Peyers patches (PP) are primary inductive sites of mucosal immunity. Defining PP mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) is thus crucial to understand the initiation of mucosal immune response. We provide a comprehensive analysis of the phenotype, distribution,
Innate and adaptive immune functions of peyer's patch monocyte-derived cells.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesThe initiation of the mucosal immune response in Peyers patch (PP) relies on the sampling, processing and efficient presentation of foreign antigens by dendritic cells (DC). PP DC encompass five subsets, among which CD11b+ conventional DC (cDC) and LysoDC have distinct progenitors and functions but share many cell surface markers. This has previously led to confusion between these two subsets. In addition, another PP DC subset, termed double-negative (DN), remains poorly characterized. Here, we have studied the genetic relatedness of the different subsets of PP cDC at steady state and under TLR7 ligand stimulation. We also provide the transcriptional profiles of subepithelial TIM-4- and interfollicular TIM-4+ macrophages.
Distribution, location, and transcriptional profile of Peyer's patch conventional DC subsets at steady state and under TLR7 ligand stimulation.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesBackground: The Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM) has been shown to be strongly expressed in human breast cancer and cancer stem cells and its overexpression has been supposed to support tumor progression and metastasis. However, effects of EpCAM overexpression on normal breast epithelial cells have never been studied before. Therefore, we analyzed effects of transient adenoviral overexpression of EpCAM on proliferation, migration and differentiation of primary human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs).
EpCAM overexpression prolongs proliferative capacity of primary human breast epithelial cells and supports hyperplastic growth.
Specimen part
View SamplesIntroduction: The Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM) has been shown to be strongly expressed in human breast cancer and cancer stem cells and its overexpression has been supposed to support tumor progression and metastasis. However, effects of EpCAM overexpression on normal breast epithelial cells have never been studied before. Therefore, we analyzed effects of transient adenoviral overexpression of EpCAM on proliferation, migration and differentiation of primary human mammary epithelial cells (HMECs).
EpCAM overexpression prolongs proliferative capacity of primary human breast epithelial cells and supports hyperplastic growth.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesThere is increasing evidence that breast and other cancers originate from and are maintained by a small fraction of stem/progenitor cells with self-renewal properties. Whether such cancer stem/progenitor cells originate from normal stem cells based on initiation of a de novo stem cell program, by reprogramming of a more differentiated cell type by oncogenic insults or both remains unresolved. A major hurdle in addressing these issues is lack of immortal human stem/progenitor cells that can be deliberately manipulated in vitro. We present evidence that normal and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT)-immortalized human mammary epithelial cells (hMECs) isolated and maintained in DFCI-1 medium retain a fraction with progenitor cell properties. These cells co-express basal, luminal and stem/progenitor cell markers. Clonal derivatives of progenitors co-expressing these markers fall into two distinct types: K5+/K19- (Type I) and K5+/K19+ (Type II). We show that both types of progenitor cells have self-renewal and differentiation ability. Through microarray analysis, we want to identify genes and pathways linked to human mammary epithelial stem/progenitor cell self-renewal and differentiation.
Telomerase-immortalized human mammary stem/progenitor cells with ability to self-renew and differentiate.
Sex, Specimen part
View SamplesWhole fetal livers were collected from mouse fetuses at embryonic day 14.5 (E14.5), and single-cell suspensions were prepared by successive passage through 18-, 21 and 23-gauge needles. Fetal liver cells were maintained in Dulbecco modified Eagle medium (DMEM; Invitrogen) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS; Invitrogen), 100 U/ml penicillin, 100g/ml streptomycin, and 50ng/ml recombinant human thrombopoietin (TPO; Peprotech). After 5 days of culture, megakaryocytes were purified using a discontinuous bovine serum albumin gradient (BSA, SigmaAldrich; 3%, 1.5%, and 0%). Total RNA was isolated with TriReagent (MRC) following manufacturers instructions, and its quality was assessed with ND1000 Nanodrop (Peqlab) and on a 1.5% agarose gel.
miR-142 orchestrates a network of actin cytoskeleton regulators during megakaryopoiesis.
Specimen part
View SamplesThe spatial and temporal control of Hox gene transcription is essential for patterning the vertebrate body axis. Although this process involves changes in histone posttranslational modifications, the existence of particular three-dimensional (3D) architectures remained to be assessed in vivo. Using high-resolution chromatin conformation capture methodology, we examined the spatial configuration of Hox clusters in embryonic mouse tissues where different Hox genes are active. When the cluster is transcriptionally inactive, Hox genes associate into a single 3D structure delimited from flanking regions. Once transcription starts, Hox clusters switch to a bimodal 3D organization where newly activated genes progressively cluster into a transcriptionally active compartment. This transition in spatial configurations coincides with the dynamics of chromatin marks, which label the progression of the gene clusters from a negative to a positive transcription status. This spatial compartmentalization may be key to process the collinear activation of these compact gene clusters.
The dynamic architecture of Hox gene clusters.
Specimen part
View SamplesCD4+ cells from Foxp3.eGFP mice containing Foxp3- Teff and Foxp3+ Treg cells were treated with anti-CD3/CD28 monoclonal antibodies or soluble OX40L and JAG1 for 3 days to induce TCR-dependent vs TCR-independent Treg proliferation. Untreated fresh CD4+ T-cells used as control. Post treatment T-cell proliferation was confirmed by Cell Trace violet dilution and Foxp3+ (Treg) and Foxp3-(Teff) were sorted. Differential gene expression profiling between Tregs and Teff cells among control, anti-CD3/CD28 and OX40L-JAG1 treated cultured was performed using affymetrix mouse gene 2.0 ST micro array.
OX40L-JAG1-Induced Expansion of Lineage-Stable Regulatory T Cells Involves Noncanonical NF-κB Signaling.
Specimen part, Treatment
View SamplesWe are using the ACI rat model of 17beta-estradiol induced mammary cancer to define the mechanisms through which estrogens contribute to breast cancer development; identify and functionally characterize the genetic variants that determine susceptibility; and define the hormone-gene-environment interactions that influence development of mammary cancer in this physiologically relevant rat model. Female ACI rats are uniquely susceptible to development of mammary cancer when treated continuously with physiologic levels of 17beta-estradiol. Induction of mammary cancer in female ACI rats occurs through a mechanism that is largely dependent upon estrogen receptor-alpha. Interval mapping analyses of progeny generated in intercrosses between susceptible ACI rats and resistant Brown Norway (BN) rats revealed seven quantitative trait loci (QTL), designated Emca3 (Estrogen-induced mammary cancer) through Emca9, each of which harbors one or more genetic determinants of mammary cancer susceptibility. Genes that reside within Emca8 on RNO5 and were differentially expressed between 17beta-estradiol treated ACI and ACI.BN-Emca8 congenic rats were identified as Emca8 candidates.
Mapping of three genetic determinants of susceptibility to estrogen-induced mammary cancer within the Emca8 locus on rat chromosome 5.
Sex, Age, Specimen part
View SamplesHox genes are required for the development of the intestinal caecum, a major organ of species eating plants. We have analysed the transcriptional regulation of Hoxd genes in caecal buds and show that they are controlled by a series of enhancers located in a gene desert telomeric to the HoxD cluster. The start site of two neighboring and opposite long non-coding RNAs, Hotdog and Twin of Hotdog, specifically transcribed in the caecum, contacts the expressed Hoxd genes in the framework of a topological domain, a large domain of interactions, which ensures a robust transcription of these genes during caecum budding. We show that hedgehogs have kept this regulatory potential despite the absence of caecum, suggesting that these enhancers are used in other developmental situations. In this context, we discuss some striking similarities between the caecum and the limb buds, suggesting the implementation of a common budding tool-kit. Overall design: Transcriptional activity at the HoxD locus in the murine developing gut at E13, Differential gene expression analysis along the murine developing gut
Multiple enhancers regulate Hoxd genes and the Hotdog LncRNA during cecum budding.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
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