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Homo sapiens
10 Downloadable Samples
Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array (hgu133plus2)
Description
Melanoma growth is driven by malignant melanoma initiating cells (MMIC) identified by expression of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) member, ABCB5. ABCB5+ melanoma subpopulations have been shown to overexpress the vasculogenic differentiation markers CD144 (VE-cadherin) and TIE-1 and are associated with CD31-negative vasculogenic mimicry (VM), an established biomarker associated with increased patient mortality. Here we identify a critical role for VEGFR-1 signaling in ABCB5+ MMIC-dependent VM and tumor growth. Global gene expression analyses, validated by mRNA and protein determinations, revealed preferential expression of VEGFR-1 on ABCB5+ tumor cells purified from clinical melanomas and established melanoma lines. In vitro, VEGF induced in a VEGFR-1-dependent manner expression of CD144 in ABCB5+ subpopulations that constitutively expressed VEGFR-1, but not in ABCB5- bulk populations that were predominantly VEGFR-1-negative. In vivo, melanomaspecific shRNA-mediated knockdown of VEGFR-1 blocked the development of ABCB5+ VM morphology and inhibited ABCB5+ VM-associated production of the secreted melanoma mitogen, laminin. Moreover, melanoma-specific VEGFR-1 knockdown markedly inhibited tumor growth (by >90%). Our results demonstrate that VEGFR-1 function in MMIC regulates VM and associated laminin production, and show that this function represents one mechanism through which MMIC promote tumor growth.
Publication Title
VEGFR-1 expressed by malignant melanoma-initiating cells is required for tumor growth.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Rattus norvegicus
- 6 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Rat Genome 230 2.0 Array (rat2302)
Description
Pulmonary hypertension is a frequent consequence of left heart disease and congestive heart failure (CHF) and causes extensive lung vascular remodelling which leads to right ventricular failure. Functional genomics underlying this structural remodelling are unknown but present potential targets for novel therapeutic strategies. We used microarrays to detail the gene expression underlying vascular remodeling in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension and identified distinct classes of up-regulated genes during this process.
Publication Title
Mast cells promote lung vascular remodelling in pulmonary hypertension.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 298 Downloadable Samples
- Illumina HumanHT-12 V4.0 expression beadchip
Description
The use of microbiological cultures for diagnosing bacterial infections in young febrile infants have substantial limitations, including false positive and false negative cultures, and non-ideal turn-around times. Analysis of host genomic expression patterns (RNA biosignatures) in response to the presence of specific pathogens, however, may provide an alternate and potentially improved diagnostic approach. This study was designed to define bacterial and non-bacterial RNA biosignatures to distinguish these infections in young febrile infants.
Publication Title
Association of RNA Biosignatures With Bacterial Infections in Febrile Infants Aged 60 Days or Younger.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Race
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GSE49962- Homo sapiens
- 6 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array (hgu133plus2)
Description
We used Affymetrix HG U133 Plus 2.0 GeneChips to compare the transcriptome of HS3ST2-transfected and control vector-transfected MDA-MB-231 cells.
Publication Title
HS3ST2 modulates breast cancer cell invasiveness via MAP kinase- and Tcf4 (Tcf7l2)-dependent regulation of protease and cadherin expression.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Cell line
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 8 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Array (mogene10st)
Description
Parietal epithelial cells (PECs) are crucially involved in the pathogenesis of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) as well as in focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). In this study, transgenic mouse lines were used to isolate pure, genetically tagged primary cultures of PECs or podocytes using FACsorting. By this approach, the morphology of primary glomerular epithelial cells in culture could be resolved: Primary podocytes formed either large cells with intracytoplasmatic extensions or smaller spindle shaped cells, depending on specific culture conditions. Primary PECs were small and exhibited a spindle-shaped or polygonal morphology. In the very early phases of primary culture, rapid changes in gene expression (e.g. of WT-1 and Pax-2) were observed. However, after prolonged culture primary PECs and podocytes still segregated clearly in a transcriptome analysis - demonstrating that the origin of primary cell cultures is important. Of the classical markers, synaptopodin and podoplanin expression were differentially regulated the most in primary PEC and podocyte cultures. However, no expression of any endogenous gene allowed to differentiate between the two cell types in culture. Finally, we show that the transcription factor WT1 is also expressed by PECs. In summary, genetic tagging of PECs and podocytes is a novel and necessary tool to derive pure primary cultures with proven origin. These cultures will be a powerful tool for the emerging field of parietal epithelial cell biology.
Publication Title
Primary cultures of glomerular parietal epithelial cells or podocytes with proven origin.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 3 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Gene 1.0 ST Array (mogene10st)
Description
Transcriptomes of differentiated cells of the conditionally immortalized mouse podocyte cell line SVI (Schiwek et al., Kidney Int. 66: 91-101, 2004) were determined as described in Kabgani et al. (PLoS One 7:e34907, 2012).
Publication Title
Primary cultures of glomerular parietal epithelial cells or podocytes with proven origin.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Cell line
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 9 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Exon 1.0 ST Array [transcript (gene) version (huex10st)
Description
Heparan sulfate (HS), a long linear polysaccharide, is implicated in various steps of tumorigenesis, including angiogenesis. We successfully interfered with HS biosynthesis using a peracetylated 4-deoxy analog of the HS constituent GlcNAc and studied the compounds metabolic fate and its effect on angiogenesis. The 4-deoxy analog was activated intracellularly into UDP-4-deoxy-GlcNAc and HS expression was inhibited up to ~96% (IC50 = 16 M). HS chain size was reduced, without detectable incorporation of the 4-deoxy analog, likely due to reduced levels of UDP-GlcNAc and/or inhibition of glycosyltransferase activity. Comprehensive gene expression analysis revealed reduced expression of genes regulated by HS binding growth factors as FGF-2 and VEGF. Cellular binding and signaling of these angiogenic factors was inhibited. Micro-injection in zebrafish embryos strongly reduced HS biosynthesis, and angiogenesis was inhibited in both zebrafish and chicken model systems. All these data identify 4-deoxy-GlcNAc as a potent inhibitor of HS synthesis which hampers pro-angiogenic signaling and neo-vessel formation.
Publication Title
Interfering with UDP-GlcNAc metabolism and heparan sulfate expression using a sugar analogue reduces angiogenesis.
Sample Metadata Fields
Cell line, Treatment
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 38 Downloadable Samples
Illumina HiSeq 2500
Description
The vast majority of supratentorial ependymomas (ST-EPNs) have few mutations other than chromosomal rearrangements on chromosome 11, most generating a fusion between C11orf95 and RELA (CR). This CR fusion can transform stem cells ex vivo rendering them oncogenic and may possess NF-?B activity, which has been proposed to be a mechanism of oncogenesis. However, it is not known whether CR is sufficient for EPN formation in vivo, and from what cell type and location. We found that CR is sufficient to form tumors from cells in the ependymal zone in mice that show many molecular and histologic similarities to human ST-EPN. Furthermore, the activation of NF-?B by this fusion protein appears minimal and not related to its oncogenic activity Overall design: C11orf95-RELA is a potent oncogene for supratentorial ependymoma
Publication Title
A De Novo Mouse Model of C11orf95-RELA Fusion-Driven Ependymoma Identifies Driver Functions in Addition to NF-κB.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Subject
View Samples- Danio rerio
- 24 Downloadable Samples
- Zebrafish Gene 1.0 ST Array (zebgene10st)
Description
Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) is a high-production volume organophosphate flame retardant widely used within the United States. Within zebrafish, initiation of TDCIPP exposure at 0.75 h post-fertilization (hpf) results in genome-wide alterations in methylation during cleavage (2 hpf) as well as epiboly delay or arrest (at higher concentrations) during late-blastula and early-gastrula (4-6 hpf). To determine whether these TDCIPP-induced effects were associated with impacts on the transcriptome, embryos were exposed to vehicle (0.1% DMSO) or 2 M TDCIPP from 0.75 hpf to 6 hpf, and total RNA was extracted from triplicate embryo pools per treatment and hybridized onto duplicate Affymetrix Zebrafish Gene 1.0 ST Arrays per RNA sample. Based on transcriptome-wide profiling, TDCIPP resulted in a significant impact on biological pathways involved in dorsoventral patterning and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling. Consistent with pathway-level responses, TDCIPP exposure also resulted in strongly dorsalized embryos by 24 hpf a phenotype that mimicked the effects of dorsomorphin, a potent and selective BMP inhibitor. Moreover, the majority of dorsalized embryos were preceded by epiboly arrest at 6 hpf. Our microarray data also revealed that the expression of sizzled (szl) a gene encoding a secreted Frizzled-related protein that limits BMP signaling was significantly decreased by nearly 4-fold at 6 hpf. Therefore, we used a splice-blocking morpholino to test the hypothesis that knockdown of szl phenocopies TDCIPP-induced delays in epiboly progression. Interestingly, contrary to our hypothesis, injection of szl MOs did not affect epiboly progression but, similar to chordin (chd) morphants, resulted in mildly ventralized embryos by 24 hpf. Overall, our findings suggest that TDCIPP-induced epiboly delay may be independent of szl expression and function, and that TDCIPP-induced dorsalization may similar to dorsomorphin be due to interference with BMP signaling during early zebrafish.
Publication Title
Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate disrupts dorsoventral patterning in zebrafish embryos.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Time
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 18 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array (hgu133plus2)
Description
A tissue like buccal mucosa (from cheek swabs) would be an ideal sample material for rapid, easy collection for testing of biomarkers as an alternative to blood. A limited number of studies, primarily in the smoker/oral cancer literature, address this tissue's efficacy for quantitative PCR or microarray gene expression analysis. In this study both qPCR and microarray analyses were used to evaluate gene expression in buccal cells. An initial study comparing blood and buccal cells from the same individuals looked at relative amounts of four genes. The RNA isolated from buccal cells was degraded but was of sufficient quality to be used with RT-qPCR to detect expression of specific genes. Second, buccal cell RNA was used for microarray-based differential gene expression studies by comparing gene expression between smokers and nonsmokers. The isolation and amplification protocol allowed use of 150-fold less buccal cell RNA than had been reported previously with human microarrays. We report here the finding of a small number of significant gene expression differences between smokers and nonsmokers, using buccal cells as target material. Additionally, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis confirmed that these genes were changing expression in the same pattern as seen in an earlier buccal cell study performed by another group. Our results suggest that in spite of a high degree of RNA degradation, buccal cells from cheek mucosa could be used to detect differential gene expression between smokers and nonsmokers. However the RNA degradation, increase in sample variability and microarray failure rate show that buccal samples should be used with caution as source material in expression studies.
Publication Title
Examining smoking-induced differential gene expression changes in buccal mucosa.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
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