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GSE108399
Arabidopsis thaliana
12 Downloadable Samples
Affymetrix Arabidopsis ATH1 Genome Array (ath1121501)
Description
Endocycle is an alternative cell cycle during which the DNA is replicated in the absence of cytokinesis, resulting in cellular endopolyploidy. The endocycle is frequenctly observed in plant species that grow under extreme conditions. Thus, endopolyploidy has been postulated to be a mechanism facilitating adaptive growth.
Publication Title
A Spatiotemporal DNA Endoploidy Map of the Arabidopsis Root Reveals Roles for the Endocycle in Root Development and Stress Adaptation.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Arabidopsis thaliana
- 5 Downloadable Samples
NextSeq 500
Description
Somatic polyploidy caused by endoreplication is observed in arthropods, molluscs, and vertebrates, but is especially prominent in higher plants where it has been postulated to be essential for cell growth and fate maintenance. However, a comprehensive understanding of the physiological significance of plant endopolyploidy has remained elusive. Here, we modeled and experimentally verified a high-resolution DNA endoploidy map of the developing Arabidopsis thaliana root, revealing a remarkable spatiotemporal control of DNA endoploidy levels across tissues and a strong dependence on stress signals. Cellular and transcriptomic analysis revealed that inhibition of endoreplication onset alters the nuclear-to-cellular volume ratio and change in expression of cell wall modifying genes, correlated with the appearance of cell structural changes. Our data indicate that endopolyploidy might serve to coordinate cell expansion with structural stability, and that spatiotemporal endoreplication pattern changes may buffer for stress conditions, which may explain the widespread occurrence of the endocycle in plant species growing in extreme or variable environments. Overall design: Two biological replicates of Col-0 were compared with three biological replicates of smr1
Publication Title
A Spatiotemporal DNA Endoploidy Map of the Arabidopsis Root Reveals Roles for the Endocycle in Root Development and Stress Adaptation.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Subject
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 5 Downloadable Samples
- Illumina HiSeq 2000
Description
We determined genome-wide nucleosome occupancy in mouse embryonic stem cells and their neural progenitor and embryonic fibroblast counterparts to assess features associated with nucleosome positioning during lineage commitment. Cell type and protein specific binding preferences of transcription factors to sites with either low (e.g. Myc, Klf4, Zfx) or high (e.g. Nanog, Oct4 and Sox2) nucleosome occupancy as well as complex patterns for CTCF were identified. Nucleosome depleted regions around transcription start and termination sites were broad and more pronounced for active genes, with distinct patterns for promoters classified according to their CpG-content or histone methylation marks. Throughout the genome nucleosome occupancy was dependent on the presence of certain histone methylation or acetylation modifications. In addition, the average nucleosome-repeat length increased during differentiation by 5-7 base pairs, with local variations for specific genomic regions. Our results reveal regulatory mechanisms of cell differentiation acting through nucleosome repositioning. Overall design: The Total RNA from ESCs, NPCs and MEFs was extracted by guanidinisothiocyanat/phenol extraction with the Trifast kit (Peqlab). Total RNA preparations were treated with DNase I, phenol/chloroform extracted and precipitated before further processing. RNAs were depleted of 5S, 5.8S, 18S and 28S rRNAs using the Human/Mouse/Rat Ribo-Zero rRNA Removal Kit (Epicentre) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. After rRNA depletion, RNAs were fragmented with a kit from Ambion. Libraries for Solexa sequencing were generated according to the standard Illumina protocol that comprised first strand cDNA synthesis, second strand cDNA synthesis, end repair, addition of a single A base, and adapter ligation. Sequencing was performed on the Illumina GAIIx (replicate 1) and Illumina HiSeq 2000 (replicate 2) platforms at the sequencing core facilities of the BioQuant in Heidelberg, Germany. RNA reads were aligned with TopHat. Further expression analysis was with the Genomatix software suite (Genomatix, Munich, Germany) and the Eldorado gene annotation. For each transcript a normalized expression value was calculated from the read distribution that accounts for the length differences using the program DEseq for the analysis of differential expression.
Publication Title
Genome-wide nucleosome positioning during embryonic stem cell development.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 28 Downloadable Samples
- Illumina HiSeq 2000
Description
MYCN-high and MYCN-low neuroblastoma cells differ in their responses to Doxorubicin treatment. To explain this difference we compared the global trancriptomes of MYCN-high and MYCN-low cells before, during and after treatment. Overall design: MYCN-high cells without doxycyline and MYCN-low cells with doxycycline were treated with 0.1µg/ml Doxorubicin. Transcriptome was measured for the following time points: in untreated cells, in cells which were treated with Doxorubicin for 72 hours, and in cells collected three, eight and fourteen days after Doxorubin washout. Experiment was performed in biological duplicate.
Publication Title
Cell-Cycle Position of Single MYC-Driven Cancer Cells Dictates Their Susceptibility to a Chemotherapeutic Drug.
Sample Metadata Fields
Treatment, Subject, Time
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 8 Downloadable Samples
- Illumina HiSeq 2000
Description
We recently identified pathogenic KIF1Bb mutations in sympathetic nervous system malignancies that are defective in developmental apoptosis. Here we deleted KIF1Bb in the mouse sympathetic nervous system based on a cre recombination system driven by the dopamine beta hydroxylase (DBH) promoter. We observed impaired sympathetic nervous function and misexpression of genes required for sympathoadrenal lineage differentiation in KIF1Bb deficient sympathetic ganglia. Overall design: We analyzed superior cervical ganglia from post-natal day 1 mice. We compared ganglia from four wild-type control animals (KIF1Bb fl/fl) with ganglia from four animals with conditional knockout of KIF1Bb (KIF1Bb fl/fl : DBHcre +/-).
Publication Title
Neuroblast differentiation during development and in neuroblastoma requires KIF1Bβ-mediated transport of TRKA.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 16 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array (mouse4302)
Description
Activation of the AKT and ERK signaling pathway is a major contributor to cell proliferation. However, the integrated regulation of this multistep process, involving signal processing, cell growth and cell-cycle progression, is poorly understood. Here we study three cell types of hematopoietic origin, in which AKT and ERK signaling is triggered by erythropoietin (Epo). We find that the different cell types exhibit distinct proliferative responses, despite sharing the molecular network for pro-proliferative signaling. Iterating quantitative experiments and mathematical modeling, we show that the cell-type-specific regulation of proliferation emerges from two sources: (1) the protein abundance patterns of signaling components that cause differential flow of signals along the AKT and ERK pathways, and (2) the differential impact of the downstream regulators for protein synthesis and for cell-cycle progression on proliferation. Our integrated mathematical model of Epo-driven proliferation explains cell-type-specific effects of targeted AKT and ERK inhibitors and correctly predicts whether their combined application results in synergy.
Publication Title
Protein abundance of AKT and ERK pathway components governs cell type-specific regulation of proliferation.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Cell line
View Samples- Mus musculus, Homo sapiens
- 24 Downloadable Samples
- Illumina HumanHT-12 V4.0 expression beadchip, Illumina MouseWG-6 v2.0 expression beadchip
Description
This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Publication Title
Defined conditions for the isolation and expansion of basal prostate progenitor cells of mouse and human origin.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Specimen part, Subject
View Samples- Rattus norvegicus
- 16 Downloadable Samples
- Affymetrix Rat Genome 230 2.0 Array (rat2302)
Description
MENX is a rat multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome caused by a homozygous mutation of the Cdkn1b gene, encoding p27Kip1. Affected rats develop adrenomedullary hyperplasia which progresses to pheochromocytoma with time (incidence 100%), and to extra-adrenal pheochromocytoma (paraganglioma) (68%).
Publication Title
Pheochromocytoma in rats with multiple endocrine neoplasia (MENX) shares gene expression patterns with human pheochromocytoma.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Age
View Samples- Mus musculus
- 12 Downloadable Samples
Illumina MouseWG-6 v2.0 expression beadchip
Description
Isolation and culture of primary prostate epithelial stem/progenitor cells (PESC) has been proven difficult and ineffective. Here we present methods to grow and expand both murine and human basal PESCs long-term in serum- and feeder-free conditions. The method enriches for adherent mouse basal PESCs with a Lin-Sca1+ CD49f+Trop2high phenotype. Progesterone and sodium selenite are additionally required for the growth of human Lin-CD49f+Trop2high PESCs. The gene expression profiles of expanded basal PESCs show similarities to ES cells and Lamin B1 and PRDX1 were identified as novel PESC markers. If transplanted in combination with urogenital sinus mesenchyme, expanded mouse and human PESCs generate ectopic prostatic tubules demonstrating their stem cell activity in vivo. The novel methods will facilitate the cellular, molecular and genomic characterization of normal and pathologic prostate glands of mouse and human origin.
Publication Title
Defined conditions for the isolation and expansion of basal prostate progenitor cells of mouse and human origin.
Sample Metadata Fields
Specimen part
View Samples- Homo sapiens
- 12 Downloadable Samples
- Illumina HumanHT-12 V4.0 expression beadchip, Illumina MouseWG-6 v2.0 expression beadchip
Description
Isolation and culture of primary prostate epithelial stem/progenitor cells (PESC) has been proven difficult and ineffective. Here we present methods to grow and expand both murine and human basal PESCs long-term in serum- and feeder-free conditions. The method enriches for adherent mouse basal PESCs with a Lin-Sca1+ CD49f+Trop2high phenotype. Progesterone and sodium selenite are additionally required for the growth of human Lin-CD49f+Trop2high PESCs. The gene expression profiles of expanded basal PESCs show similarities to ES cells and Lamin B1 and PRDX1 were identified as novel PESC markers. If transplanted in combination with urogenital sinus mesenchyme, expanded mouse and human PESCs generate ectopic prostatic tubules demonstrating their stem cell activity in vivo. The novel methods will facilitate the cellular, molecular and genomic characterization of normal and pathologic prostate glands of mouse and human origin.
Publication Title
Defined conditions for the isolation and expansion of basal prostate progenitor cells of mouse and human origin.
Sample Metadata Fields
Sex, Specimen part, Subject
View Samples