RNA-seq of UPMM3 with restoration of BAP1 and BAP1 mutant proteins. Cell line UPMM3 contains a frameshift mutation in BAP1. Overall design: RNA-seq of UPMM3 with restoration of BAP1 and BAP1 mutant proteins
GNA11 Q209L Mouse Model Reveals RasGRP3 as an Essential Signaling Node in Uveal Melanoma.
Cell line, Subject
View SamplesThe X-linked DDX3X gene encodes an ATP-dependent DEAD-box RNA helicase frequently altered in various human cancers including melanomas. Despite its important roles in translation and splicing, how DDX3X dysfunction specifically rewires gene expression in melanoma remains completely unknown. Here we uncover a DDX3X-driven post-transcriptional program that dictates melanoma phenotype and poor disease prognosis. Through an unbiased analysis of translating ribosomes we identified the microphtalmia-associated transcription factor, MITF, as a key DDX3X translational target that directs a proliferative-to-metastatic phenotypic switch in melanoma cells. Mechanistically, DDX3X controls MITF mRNA translation via an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) embedded within the 5' untranslated region. Through this exquisite translation-based regulatory mechanism, DDX3X steers MITF protein levels dictating melanoma metastatic potential in vivo and response to targeted therapy. Together these findings unravel a post-transcriptional layer of gene regulation that may provide a unique therapeutic vulnerability in aggressive male melanomas. Overall design: We sequenced transcripts associated with translationally active ribosomes (polysomes) isolated by sucrose gradient fractionation from DDX3X and control siRNA-transduced HT144 cells. Experiments were performed in duplicates.
The X-Linked DDX3X RNA Helicase Dictates Translation Reprogramming and Metastasis in Melanoma.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesPrevious studies in our laboratory demonstrated that the azurophil granule protease neutrophil elastase (NE) cleaves PML-RARA (PR), the fusion protein that initiates acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Further, NE deficiency reduces the penetrance of APL in a murine model of this disease. We therefore predicted that NE-mediated PR cleavage might be important for its ability to initiate APL. To test this hypothesis, we generated a mouse expressing NE-resistant PR. These mice developed APL indistinguishable from wild type PR, but with significantly reduced latency (median leukemia-free survival of 274 days versus 473 days for wild type PR, p<0.001). Resistance to proteolysis may increase the abundance of full length PR protein in early myeloid cells, and our previous data suggested that non-cleaved PR may be less toxic to early myeloid cells. Together, these effects appear to increase the leukemogenicity of NE-resistant PR, contrary to our previous prediction. We conclude that NE deficiency may reduce APL penetrance via indirect mechanisms that are still NE dependent.
A protease-resistant PML-RAR{alpha} has increased leukemogenic potential in a murine model of acute promyelocytic leukemia.
Cell line
View SamplesThe characteristics of immune cells infiltrating pediatric brain tumors is largely unexplored. A better understanding of these characteristics will provide a foundation for development of immunotherapy for pediatric brain tumors.
Characterization of distinct immunophenotypes across pediatric brain tumor types.
Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage
View SamplesTo better understand the pathogenesis of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL, FAB M3 AML), we identified genes that are expressed differently in APL cells compared to other acute myeloid leukemia subtypes, and to normal promyelocytes. Comparative gene expression analysis of 14 M3, 62 other AML (M0, M1, M2 and M4) and 5 enriched normal promyelocyte samples revealed a signature of 1,121 genes that are specifically dysregulated in M3 samples relative to other AML, and that do not simply represent normal promyelocyte expression (M3-specific signature). We used a novel, high throughput digital platform (Nanostring's nCounter system) to evaluate a subset of the most significantly dysregulated genes in 30 AML samples; 33 of 37 evaluable gene expression patterns were validated. In an additional analysis, we selected only genes that are dysregulated in M3 both compared to other AML subtypes, and to purified normal CD34+ cells, promyelocytes, and/or neutrophils, thereby isolating a 478 gene "composite M3 dysregulome". Surprisingly, the expression of only a few of these genes was significantly altered in PR-9 cells after PML-RARA induction, suggesting that most of these genes are not direct targets of PML-RARA. Comparison of the M3-specific signature to our previously described murine APL dysregulome revealed 33 commonly dysregulated genes, including JUN, EGR1, and TNF. Collectively, these results suggest that PML-RARA initiates a transcriptional cascade which generates a unique downstream expression signature in both primary human and mouse APL cells.
High throughput digital quantification of mRNA abundance in primary human acute myeloid leukemia samples.
Sex, Race
View SamplesEstablishment of an in vitro system to explore molecular mechanisms of mastitis susceptibility in cattle by comparative expression profiling of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus inoculated primary cells sampled from cows with different genetic predisposition for somatic cell score
Comparative expression profiling of E. coli and S. aureus inoculated primary mammary gland cells sampled from cows with different genetic predispositions for somatic cell score.
Disease, Treatment, Time
View Samplessh RNA of p73 in Fibroblasts compared to non-silencing control
p73 poses a barrier to malignant transformation by limiting anchorage-independent growth.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesWe compared molecular characteristics of primary and recurrent pediatric ependymoma to identify sub-group specific differences.
Molecular sub-group-specific immunophenotypic changes are associated with outcome in recurrent posterior fossa ependymoma.
Specimen part
View SamplesEngineering of genetically encoded calcium indicators predominantly focused on optimizing fluorescence changes, but effects of indicator expression on host organisms have largely not been addressed. Here, we report biocompatibility and wide-spread functional expression of the genetically encoded calcium indicator TN-XXL in a transgenic mouse model. To validate the model and to characterize potential effects of indicator expression we assessed both indicator function and a variety of host parameters such as anatomy, physiology, behavior and gene expression profiles in these mice. We also demonstrate the usefulness of primary cell types and organ explants prepared from these mice for imaging applications. While we do find mild signatures of indicator expression that may guide further indicator development the green indicator mice generated provide a well characterized resource of primary cells and tissues for in vitro and in vivo calcium imaging applications.
Biocompatibility of a genetically encoded calcium indicator in a transgenic mouse model.
Specimen part
View SamplesInflammatory response has been identified as a molecular signature of high-risk Group A ependymoma (EPN). To better understand the biology of this phenotype and aid therapeutic development, transcriptomic data from Group A and B EPN patient tumor samples, and additional malignant and normal brain data, were analyzed to identify the mechanism underlying EPN group A inflammation.
Interleukin-6/STAT3 Pathway Signaling Drives an Inflammatory Phenotype in Group A Ependymoma.
Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage
View Samples