We used transcription-profiling to identify mitogen-activated protein kinase (Mapk) signaling as an important regulator involved in the differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) into oligodendrocytes. We show in tissue culture that activation of Mapk signaling by elevation of intracellular levels of cAMP using administration of either dibutyryl-cAMP or inhibitors of the cAMP-hydrolyzing enzyme phosphodiesterase-4 (Pde4) enhances OPC differentiation. Finally, we demonstrate that systemic delivery of a Pde4 inhibitor leads to enhanced differentiation of OPCs within focal areas of toxin-induced demyelination and a consequent acceleration of remyelination.
Retinoid X receptor gamma signaling accelerates CNS remyelination.
Specimen part
View SamplesNext generation sequencing of OPCs grown on stiff and soft hydrogels Overall design: Illumina HiSeq4000 PE150 Sequencing
Niche stiffness underlies the ageing of central nervous system progenitor cells.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesSingle cell RNA sequencing of FACS purified mouse microglia from embryogenesis to old age, and following injury using a demyelinating mouse model. Overall design: 41 total animals, 3-4 replicates per timepoint and condition. E14.5, P4/P5, P30, P100, P540, and Injury
Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Microglia throughout the Mouse Lifespan and in the Injured Brain Reveals Complex Cell-State Changes.
Sex, Cell line, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesThe purpose of this experiment was to identify genes responding differently to a 24 h low red to far red ratio (R:FR) treatment in plants grown at 16 and 22 degrees
Light-quality regulation of freezing tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Age
View SamplesThis experiment was a time course performed over 24 hours to look at the effects on gene expression of exposure to low red:far-red ratio light in Arabidopsis thaliana plants. In this way genes involved in the shade avoidance response might be identified. This experiment was designed for gene identification only and containes no replicates,genes identified were verified by quantitative PCR for publication.
Gating of the rapid shade-avoidance response by the circadian clock in plants.
Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage, Subject
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Contribution of stress responses to antibiotic tolerance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesMicroarray analysis was used to identify changes in the level of transcription of genes in P. aeruginosa drip flow biofilms in response to ciprofloxacin and tobramycin exposure. This data was evaluated and used to select strains that carry transposon mutations in genes that might play a role in antibiotic tolerance of biofilms. The strains were evaluated for defects in biofilm tolerance.
Contribution of stress responses to antibiotic tolerance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesTranscriptome analysis was applied to characterize the physiological activities of Psuedomonas aeruginosa cells grown for three days in drip flow biofilm reactors when compared to the activities of P. aeruginosa grown planktonically to exponential phase in the same media. Here, rather than examining the effect of an individual gene on biofilm antibiotic tolerance, we used a transcriptomics approach to identify regulons and groups of related genes that are induced during biofilm growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We then tested for statistically significant overlap between the biofilm-induced genes and independently compiled gene lists corresponding to stress responses and other putative antibiotic protective mechanisms. This data was evaluated and used to select strains that carry transposon mutations in genes that might play a role in antibiotic tolerance of biofilms. The strains were evaluated for defects in biofilm tolerance.
Contribution of stress responses to antibiotic tolerance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesLong recognized as an evolutionarily ancient cell type involved in tissue homeostasis and immune defense against pathogens, macrophages are being rediscovered as regulators of several diseases including cancer. Here we show that in mice, mammary tumor growth induces the accumulation of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) that are phenotypically and functionally distinct from mammary tissue macrophages (MTMs). TAMs express the adhesion molecule Vcam1 and proliferate upon their differentiation from inflammatory monocytes, but do not exhibit an alternatively activated phenotype. TAM differentiation depends on the transcriptional regulator of Notch signaling, RBPJ; and TAM, but not MTM, depletion restores tumor-infiltrating cytotoxic T cell responses and suppresses tumor growth. These findings reveal the ontogeny of TAMs and a discrete tumor-elicited inflammatory response, which may provide new opportunities for cancer immunotherapy.
The cellular and molecular origin of tumor-associated macrophages.
Age, Specimen part
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
The Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Two-Component Regulator CarSR Regulates Calcium Homeostasis and Calcium-Induced Virulence Factor Production through Its Regulatory Targets CarO and CarP.
No sample metadata fields
View Samples