We ovexpressed human alpha synuclein alone or together with Nurr1 in mouse primary midbrain cultures and identified the full spectrum of genes whose expression is affected by alpha synuclein, including genes whose expression is normalized after Nurr1 overexpression. Moreover we treated mouse primary midbrain cultures with Bexarotene or short hairpin RNA fro Nurr1, sorted out the dopamine neurons and assessed the effects of Bexarotene and of the Nurr1 downregulation on gene expression. Overall design: Comparison of 3 Synuclein samples to 5 controls (RFP), Comparison of 3 Synuclein + Nurr1 samples to 5 controls (RFP), Comparison of 3 Bexarotene samples to 3 controls (DMSO), comparison of 1 short hairpin against Nurr1 to 1 control (scrambled).
Nurr1 and Retinoid X Receptor Ligands Stimulate Ret Signaling in Dopamine Neurons and Can Alleviate α-Synuclein Disrupted Gene Expression.
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View SamplesNurr1 (Nr4a2, nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 2) is needed for the development of ventral midbrain dopaminergic neurons, and has been associated with Parkinson''s disease. We used mice where the Nurr1 gene is ablated by tamoxifen treatment selectively in dopaminergic neurons. As a control, we used tamoxifen-treated mice where Nurr1 is not ablated. By laser microdissection of neurons selected by their TH1 (Th1l, TH1-like homolog) gene expression, we selected dopaminergic neurons for RNA extraction and high-throughput mRNA sequencing, in order to identify genes regulated by Nurr1. We found the main functional category of Nurr1-regulated genes are the nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes. Overall design: Dopaminergic neurons with or without Nurr1 knocked out. TH-positive neurons were laser capture microdissected from cryostat coronal sections of the midbrain.
Transcription factor Nurr1 maintains fiber integrity and nuclear-encoded mitochondrial gene expression in dopamine neurons.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesFor more than a decade, microarrays have been a powerful and widely used tool to explore the transcriptome of biological systems. However, the amount of biological material from cell sorting or laser capture microdissection is much too small to perform microarray studies. To address this issue, RNA amplification methods have been developed to generate sufficient targets from picogram amounts of total RNA to perform microarray hybridisation. In this study, four commercial protocols for amplification of picograms amounts of input RNA for microarray expression profiling were evaluated and compared. The quantitative and qualitative performances of the methods were assessed. Microarrays were hybridised with the amplified targets and the amplification protocols were compared with respect to the quality of expression profiles, reproducibility within a concentration range of input RNA, and sensitivity.
Evaluation of methods for amplification of picogram amounts of total RNA for whole genome expression profiling.
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Cancer stemness in Wnt-driven mammary tumorigenesis.
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View SamplesThe Wnt/beta-catenin signalling pathway plays a central role in mammary stem cell homeostasis and in breast cancer. We employed the CD29hiCD24+ cell surface antigens to identify a subpopulation of mammary CSCs from Apc1572T/+, a mouse model for metaplastic breast adenocarcinoma, a subtype of triple-negative breast cancer in man. The MaCSCs are capable of recapitulating tumorigenesis when transplanted at low multiplicities in vivo, and of forming self-renewing organoids in vitro. Expression profiling of the different subpopulations sorted from normal and neoplastic mammary tissues revealed that the normal stem cell compartment is more similar to tumor cells than to their own differentiated progenies. Accordingly, Wnt signaling was found to be activated in the subpopulation encompassing normal mammary stem cells, though to a lesser degree than in the tumor cells. By comparing normal with cancer mouse mammary compartments, we were able to derive a MaCSC-specific signature composed of human orthologous genes able to predict poor survival, relapse and distant metastasis in human breast cancer. Finally, upon intravenous injection, only MaCSCs among the different tumor cell subpopulations are able to form metastatic lesions in a broad spectrum of anatomical sites. Overall, our data indicate that constitutive Wnt signaling activation interferes with mammary stem cell homeostasis leading to metaplasia and basal-like adenocarcinomas.
Cancer stemness in Wnt-driven mammary tumorigenesis.
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View SamplesThe distinction between primary and secondary ovarian tumors may be challenging for pathologists.
A genomic and transcriptomic approach for a differential diagnosis between primary and secondary ovarian carcinomas in patients with a previous history of breast cancer.
Specimen part, Disease stage
View SamplesWe measured changes in expression of 3,826 genes in MMTV-rtTA/tetO-HER2 mammary carcinoma tissue after treatment with control vehicle or abemaciclib Overall design: Examination of changes in gene expression in 23 tumors (11 control, 12 abemaciclib)
CDK4/6 inhibition triggers anti-tumour immunity.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesEnterocytes assemble dietary lipids into chylomicron particles that are taken up by intestinal lacteal vessels and peripheral tissues. Although chylomicrons are known to assemble in part within membrane secretory pathways, the modifications required for efficient vascular uptake are unknown. We report that the transcription factor Pleomorphic adenoma gene-like 2 (PLAGL2) is essential for this aspect of dietary lipid metabolism. PlagL2-/- mice die from post-natal wasting owing to failure of fat absorption. Lipids modified in the absence of PlagL2 exit from enterocytes but fail to enter interstitial lacteal vessels. Dysregulation of enterocyte genes closely linked to intracellular membrane transport identified candidate regulators of critical steps in chylomicron assembly. PlagL2 thus regulates essential and poorly understood aspects of dietary lipid absorption and its deficiency represents an authentic animal model with implications for amelioration of obesity or the metabolic syndrome.
Loss of the PlagL2 transcription factor affects lacteal uptake of chylomicrons.
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The MuvB complex sequentially recruits B-Myb and FoxM1 to promote mitotic gene expression.
Cell line
View SamplesWe sequenced mRNA from HCT116 p21-/- cells treated with Nutlin-3a, doxorubicin, or DMSO for 24 h. Overall design: Examination of mRNA levels from HCT116 p21-/- cells treated with Nutlin-3a, doxorubicin, or DMSO for 24 h using four replicates each.
Integration of TP53, DREAM, MMB-FOXM1 and RB-E2F target gene analyses identifies cell cycle gene regulatory networks.
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