This study aims at a comprehensive understanding of the genomic program activated during early-phase of collateral vessel growth in a rat model for cerebral adaptive arteriogenesis (3-VO). While arteriogenesis constitutes a promising therapeutic concept for cerebrovascular ischemia, genomic profiles essential for therapeutic target identification were analysed solely for collateral arteries of the heart and periphery. Despite challenging anatomical conditions of the brain the 3-VO model allows identification of differentially expressed genes during adaptive cerebral arteriogenesis by selective removal of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA).
Induction of cerebral arteriogenesis leads to early-phase expression of protease inhibitors in growing collaterals of the brain.
Age
View SamplesProtein synthesis belongs to the most energy consuming processes in the cell. Lowering oxygen tension below normal (hypoxia) causes a rapid inhibition of global mRNA translation due to the decreased availability of energy. Interestingly, subsets of mRNAs pursue active translation under such circumstances. In human fibrosarcoma cells (HT1080) exposed to prolonged hypoxia (36 h, 1% oxygen) we observed that transcripts are either increasingly or decreasingly associated with ribosomes localized at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In a global setting it turned out that only 31% of transcripts showing elevated total-RNA levels were also increasingly present at the ER in hypoxia. These genes, regulated by its expression as well as its ER-localization, belong to the gene ontologys hypoxia response, glycolysis and HIF-1 transcription factor network supporting the view of active mRNA translation at the ER during hypoxia. Interestingly, a large group of RNAs was found to be unchanged at the expression level, but translocate to the ER in hypoxia. Among these are transcripts encoding translation factors and >180 ncRNAs. In summary, we provide evidence that protein synthesis is favoured at the ER and, thus, partitioning of the transcriptome between cytoplasmic and ER associated ribosomes mediates adaptation of gene expression in hypoxia.
Hypoxia-induced gene expression results from selective mRNA partitioning to the endoplasmic reticulum.
Specimen part, Cell line
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
YY1 is indispensable for Lgr5+ intestinal stem cell renewal.
Specimen part
View SamplesCrypts were isolated from either control or YY1f/f; Vil-Cre-ERT2 mice treated with tamoxifen for 4 days to induce knockout
YY1 is indispensable for Lgr5+ intestinal stem cell renewal.
Specimen part
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Dynamic HoxB4-regulatory network during embryonic stem cell differentiation to hematopoietic cells.
Specimen part
View SamplesEfficient in vitro generation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) holds great promise for cell-based therapies of hematological diseases. To date, HoxB4 remains to be the most effective transcription factor (TF) whose over-expression in ESCs confers long-term repopulating ability to ESC-derived HSCs. Despite its importance, the components and dynamics of the HoxB4 transcriptional regulatory network is poorly understood, hindering efforts to develop a more efficient protocol for in vitro derivation of HSCs. Towards this goal, we performed global gene expression profiling and chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with deep sequencing (ChIP-Seq) at four stages of the HoxB4-mediated HSC development. Joint analyses of ChIP-Seq and gene expression profiles unveil a number of global features of the HoxB4 regulatory network.
Dynamic HoxB4-regulatory network during embryonic stem cell differentiation to hematopoietic cells.
Specimen part
View SamplesNonsyndromic clefts of the palate and/or lip are common birth defects arising in about 1/700 live births worldwide. They are caused by multiple genetic and environmental factors, can only be corrected surgically and require complex post-operative care that imposes significant burdens on individuals and society. Our understanding of the molecular networks that control palatogenesis has advanced through studies on mouse genetic models of cleft palate. In particular, the transcription factor Pax9 regulates palatogenesis through the Bmp, Fgf and Shh pathways in mice. But there is still much to learn about Pax9's relationship with other signaling pathways in this process. Expression analyses and unbiased gene expression profiling studies offer a molecular explanation for the resolution of palatal defects by showing that Wnt and Eda/Edar-related genes are expressed in normal palatal tissues and that the Wnt and Eda/Edar signaling pathway is downstream of Pax9 in palatogenesis. Overall design: E13.5 mouse embryos palate were micro-dissceted, control and mutant samples were seperated and individually lyzed for the RNA extraction.
Small-molecule Wnt agonists correct cleft palates in <i>Pax9</i> mutant mice <i>in utero</i>.
Specimen part, Cell line, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesIn murine models, we find that irradiation of Paneth cells caused a gain of a stem cell-like transcriptome and induced activation of the Notch signaling pathway. This study documents plasticity by Paneth cells, a fully committed cell population to participate in epithelial replenishment following stem cell loss. Overall design: Single-cell dissociation was carried out as previously described (Li et al., 2016; Sato et al., 2011). Cell pellets were washed with cold PBS and re-suspended in FACS buffer. Cells were stained with DAPI, PerCP/Cy5.5-conjugated EpCAM, BUV395-conjugated CD45, and APC/fire 750-conjugated CD24. Cell suspensions were subjected to sorting by BD Biosciences Aria II Flow Cytometer. Single viable intestinal epithelial cells were gated by forward scatter, side scatter, and by negative staining for DAPI and CD45, and positive staining for EpCAM. Subpopulations were further gated based on CD24 and tdTomato (using R-phycoerythrin/PE channel). Paneth cells (tdT+CD24+) and derivative (tdT+CD24-) cells were FACS-sorted from irradiated (5 days after radiation) and non-irradiated 8-14 week old Lyz1CreER; R26R-tdT mice with one dose of tamoxifen adminstration (10mg/mouse), and subjected to total RNA extraction using Qiagen RNeasy Plus Micro kit.
Paneth Cell Multipotency Induced by Notch Activation following Injury.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesNonsyndromic clefts of the palate and/or lip are common birth defects arising in about 1/700 live births worldwide. They are caused by multiple genetic and environmental factors, can only be corrected surgically and require complex post-operative care that imposes significant burdens on individuals and society. Our understanding of the molecular networks that control palatogenesis has advanced through studies on mouse genetic models of cleft palate. In particular, the transcription factor Pax9 regulates palatogenesis through the Bmp, Fgf and Shh pathways in mice. But there is still much to learn about Pax9''s relationship with other signaling pathways in this process. Here we show alterations of Wnt expression and decreased Wnt activity in Pax9-/- palatal shelves are a likely result of Pax9''s ability to directly bind and repress the promoters of Dkk1 and Dkk2, proteins that antagonize Wnt signaling. We exploited this relationship by delivering small-molecule Dkk inhibitors into the tail-veins of pregnant Pax9+/- females from E10.5 to E14.5. Such therapies restored Wnt signaling, promoted cell proliferation, bone formation and fusion of palatal shelves in Pax9-/- embryos. These data uncover a connection between the roles of Pax9 and Wnt genes in palatogenesis and offer a new approach for treating human cleft palates. Overall design: E14 embryos of Pax9-/- and control littermates with or without WAY-262611 treatment, mouse embryos palate were micro-dissected, control and mutant samples were separated and individually lysed for the RNA extraction.
Small-molecule Wnt agonists correct cleft palates in <i>Pax9</i> mutant mice <i>in utero</i>.
Specimen part, Cell line, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesIn order to identify the effects of TFEB overexpression on the hela cells transcriptome, we performed Affymetrix Gene-Chip hybridization experiments for the hela TFEB stable clones
TFEB-driven endocytosis coordinates MTORC1 signaling and autophagy.
Cell line
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