Whole-genome expression studies in peripheral tissues of patients affected by schizophrenia (SCZ) can provide new insights into the molecular basis of the disorder and innovative biomarkers that may be of great usefulness in the clinical practice. Recent evidence suggests that skin fibroblasts could represent a non-neural peripheral model useful to investigate molecular alterations in psychiatric disorders.
Altered gene expression in schizophrenia: findings from transcriptional signatures in fibroblasts and blood.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage
View SamplesAnaplastic Large Cell Lymphomas (ALCL) represent a subset of lymphomas in which the Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) gene is frequently fused to the NPM gene. We previously demonstrated that the constitutive phosphorylation of ALK chimeric proteins is sufficient to induce cellular transformation in vitro and in vivo, and that ALK activity is strictly required for the survival of ALK positive ALCL cells. To elucidate the signaling pathways required for ALK-mediated transformation and tumor maintenance, we analyzed the transcriptomes of multiple ALK positive ALCL cell lines abrogating their ALK-mediated signaling by inducible ALK RNA interference (RNAi) or with potent and cell permeable ALK inhibitors. Transcripts derived from the gene expression profiling (GEP) analysis uncovered a reproducible signature, which included a novel group of ALK-regulated genes. Functional RNAi screening on a set of these ALK transcriptional targets revealed that the transcription factor C/EBPb and the anti-apoptotic protein BCL2A1 are absolutely necessary to induce cell transformation and/or to sustain the growth and survival of ALK positive ALCL cells. Thus, we proved that an experimentally controlled and functionally validated GEP analysis represents a powerful tool to identify novel pathogenetic networks and validate biologically suitable target genes for therapeutic interventions.
Functional validation of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase signature identifies CEBPB and BCL2A1 as critical target genes.
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View SamplesThe cellular response to replication stress requires the DNA-damage responsive kinase ATM and its co-factor ATMIN, however the roles of this signaling pathway following replication stress are unclear. RNA-seq and subsequent differential expression analyses were utilized to identify the functions of ATM and ATMIN in response to replication stress induced by Aphidcolin (APH). Overall design: Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts (MEFs) deleted for ATM or ATMIN were treated with 1µM APH or DMSO as a control. Two different wild-type MEF cell lines (wtATM, wtATMIN) served as controls. RNA-seq was performed in duplicates, in a total of 32 samples, with an average of 31.1M aligned readsobtained per group,with 15.5M reads obtained per replicate.
A Comprehensive Analysis of the Dynamic Response to Aphidicolin-Mediated Replication Stress Uncovers Targets for ATM and ATMIN.
Specimen part, Treatment, Subject
View SamplesThe generation of sufficient numbers of mature ventricular myocytes for effective cell-based therapy is a central barrier for cardiac regenerative medicine. Here we demonstrate that induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be derived from murine ventricular myocytes, and consistent with other reports of iPSCs derived from various somatic cell types, ventricular myocyte derived iPSCs (ViPSCs) exhibit a markedly higher propensity to differentiate into beating cardiomyocytes as compared to genetically-matched embryonic stem cells (ESCs) or iPSCs derived from tail-tip fibroblasts. Strikingly, ViPSC-derived cardiomyocytes form up to 99% ventricular myocytes suggesting that ventricular myocyte-derived iPSCs may be a viable strategy to generate specific cardiomyocyte subtypes for cell-based therapies. The enhanced ventricular myogenesis in ViPSCs is mediated via increased numbers of cardiovascular progenitors at early stages of differentiation. In order to investigate the mechanism of enhanced ventricular myogenesis from ViPSCs, we performed global gene expression and DNA methylation analysis, which revealed a distinct epigenetic signature that may be involved in specifying the ventricular myocyte fate in pluripotent stem cells.
Highly efficient derivation of ventricular cardiomyocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells with a distinct epigenetic signature.
Specimen part
View SamplesAnalysis of human iPS-derived cardiomyocytes exposed to glucose, endothelin-1 and cortisol in vitro. Treatment produces a surrogate diabetic cardiomyopathic phenotype. Results provide insight into the pathways regulated by the treatment in the cardiomyocyte.
Disease modeling and phenotypic drug screening for diabetic cardiomyopathy using human induced pluripotent stem cells.
Specimen part, Treatment, Time
View SamplesWe study the global gene expression profiles of BKV viremia and nephropathy patients using microarrays in order to better understand the immunologic response to polyomavirus BK (BKV).
Genomics of BK viremia in kidney transplant recipients.
Specimen part, Disease
View SamplesWe investigated the clinical, histopathologic and genomic features of donor-specific antibody (DSA) +/C4d- and DSA-/C4d- transplant glomerulopathy (TGP) using microarrays. Comparison of the gene expression profiles of DSA-/C4d- TGP biopsies with ptc+g score > 1 to normal and IFTA (Interstitial Fibrosis and Tubular Atrophy) biopsies by microarrays revealed increased expression of quantitative cytotoxic T cell--associated transcripts (QCAT). However, CAMR (chronic antibody-mediated rejection) and DSA+/C4d- TGP had increased expression of QCAT, interferon-gamma and rejection induced, constitutive macrophage-associated, natural killer cell-associated, and DSA selective transcripts. B cell and endothelial cell associated transcripts expression were upregulated only in CAMR biopsies. Our results suggest that while DSA+/C4d- TGP should be classified under CAMR, DSA-/C4d- TGP with ptc+g score > 1 probably develops through a chronic cellular immune response.
The clinical and genomic significance of donor-specific antibody-positive/C4d-negative and donor-specific antibody-negative/C4d-negative transplant glomerulopathy.
Specimen part
View SamplesWe study the global gene expression profiles of TGP patients with or without graft loss to determine if a clinical and/or gene expression profile can predict allograft survival.
Clinical, Histological, and Molecular Markers Associated With Allograft Loss in Transplant Glomerulopathy Patients.
Specimen part
View SamplesHuman infection with Cryptococcus neoformans (Cn), a prevalent fungal pathogen, occurs by inhalation and deposition in the lung alveoli of infectious particles. The subsequent host pathogen interaction is multifactorial and can result either in eradication, latency or extra-pulmonary dissemination. Successful control of Cn infection is dependent on host macrophages as shown by numerous studies. However in vitro macrophages display little ability to kill Cn. Recently, we reported that ingestion of Cn by macrophages induces early cell cycle progression that is subsequently followed by mitotic arrest, an event that almost certainly reflects damage to the host cell. The goal of the present work was to understand macrophage pathways affected by Cn toxicity. Infection of J774.16 macrophage-like cell line macrophages by Cn in vitro was associated with changes in gene pattern expression. Concomitantly we observed depolarization of macrophage mitochondria and alterations in protein translation rate. Our results indicate that Cn infection impairs multiple host cellular functions. Therefore we conclude Cn intracellular residence in macrophages undermines the health of these critical phagocytic cells interfering with their ability to clear the fungal pathogen.
Macrophage mitochondrial and stress response to ingestion of Cryptococcus neoformans.
Specimen part, Cell line, Time
View SamplesWe identified the ubiquitin ligase Huwe1 as a crucial regulator of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) functions. We generated Huwe1 conditional knock-out mice and discovered that the loss of this ligase causes an increased proliferation and stem cell exhaustion, together with a decreased lymphoid specification in vivo. We observed that the ubiquitin ligase Huwe1 is controlling the expression of N-myc at the level of the most immature stem and progenitor hematopoietic populations, mediating the described effects. Overall design: High-troughput RNA-sequencing of sorted HSC (Lin-Sca+Kit+CD48-CD150+) from wild type or Huwe1 conditional knockout mice (constitutively deleted with Vav-Cre recombinase or inducibly deleted with Mx1-Cre)
The ubiquitin ligase Huwe1 regulates the maintenance and lymphoid commitment of hematopoietic stem cells.
Specimen part, Subject
View Samples