Although microbiota plays a critical role for the normal development and function of host immune systems, the detail of the influence, especially on those in the large intestine (LI), remains unknown.
Importance of the interferon-alpha system in murine large intestine indicated by microarray analysis of commensal bacteria-induced immunological changes.
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View SamplesChemokine signaling is important for the seeding of different sites by hematopoietic stem cells during development. Serum Response Factor (SRF) controls multiple genes governing adhesion and migration, mainly by recruiting members of the Myocardin-Related Transcription Factor (MRTF) family of G-actin regulated cofactors. We used vav-iCre to inactivate MRTF-SRF signaling early during hematopoietic development. In both Srf- and Mrtf-deleted animals, hematopoiesis in fetal liver and spleen is intact, but does not become established in fetal bone marrow. Srf-null HSC/Ps (hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells) fail to effectively engraft in transplantation experiments, exhibiting normal proximal signaling responses to SDF-1, but reduced adhesiveness, F-actin assembly, and reduced motility. Srf-null HSC/Ps fail to polarise in response to SDF-1, and cannot migrate through restrictive membrane pores to SDF-1 or Scf in vitro. Mrtf-null HSC/Ps were also defective in chemotactic responses to SDF-1. MRTF-SRF signaling is thus critical for the response to chemokine signaling during hematopoietic development. Overall design: Strand specific RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) in sorted WT and SRF deleted LSK cells with or without a 30 minute SDF stimulation and validation by qRT-PCR
MRTF-SRF signaling is required for seeding of HSC/Ps in bone marrow during development.
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View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Arid3a is essential to execution of the first cell fate decision via direct embryonic and extraembryonic transcriptional regulation.
Specimen part, Disease, Cell line, Treatment
View SamplesArid3a, a transcription factor known for its requirement in B-lymphocyte development, has been recently identified as a member of ES cell pluripotency network. Arid3a is moderately expressed in ES cells, and its expression is gradually increased during differentiation. Since Arid3a shows the highest expression in placenta, we hypothesized that Arid3a may play important roles in TE development. We report that Arid3a is a central regulator of both TE-specific and pluripotency-associated gene expression during ES cell differentiation. While dispensable for self-renewal, we observed that knockdown of Arid3a delays differentiation of ES cells. Induction of Arid3a leads ES cells to promote differentiation, specifically towards TE lineage. Moreover, these Arid3a-overexpressing cells maintained in TE culture media are sufficient to generate functional trophoblast stem-like cells, suggesting roles of Arid3a in TE differentiation. By integrative analyses using the chromosomal targets of Arid3a with expression profiling, we revealed the dual roles of Arid3a, as a direct activator of TE-specific genes and a repressor of pluripotency-associated genes. We further revealed the repressive roles of Arid3a are mediated by histone deacetylases (HDACs). Taken together, our results demonstrate that Arid3a is a critical novel regulator in TE lineage specification.
Arid3a is essential to execution of the first cell fate decision via direct embryonic and extraembryonic transcriptional regulation.
Disease, Cell line, Treatment
View SamplesCD141+DNGR-1+ cDC1 have a dual origin. Both MLP and CMP can differentiate in CD141+DNGR-1+ cDC1s.
Dendritic Cell Lineage Potential in Human Early Hematopoietic Progenitors.
Specimen part
View SamplesThe cell-type origin has long been suspected to determine molecular features of tumors but has proven difficult to experimentally validate in human breast cancers because of deficiencies in culturing methods that allow propagation of three major cell types of the breast including stem/basal, luminal-progenitor and mature/differentiated cells. We have created immortalized cell lines from core breast biopsies of ancestry-mapped healthy women that are enriched for luminal gene expression including hormonally sensitive ERa-FOXA1-GATA3 transcription factor network. Gene expression pattern followed by intrinsic subtype classification identified these cell lines as “normal” counterpart to luminal A, basal, and normal-like subtypes of breast cancers. We have also created cell lines from CD201+/EpCAM- cells that are likely “normal” counter part of claudin-low subtype of breast cancers. These cell lines serve as good resources as “normal” cell line controls for breast cancer-related studies. Overall design: We propagated breast epithelial cells from breast core biopsies of healthy women using the epithelial reprogramming assay (Nakshatri et al., Scientific Reports, 5:13526). Primary cells were immortalized using human telomerase (hTERT). RNA from immortalized cells in triplicates was subjected to RNA-seq and results are included. hTERT immortalized HME cells from Horizon Discovery, MCF10A cells from ATCC and MCF7 breast cancer cells from ATCC were used as controls for comparison. 1505-10B corresponds to immortalized cells with germ line BRCA2 mutation. KTB40 and KTB42 differ from the rest of the cell lines with respect to cell surface markers profiles. These cells are CD201+/EpCAM-, whereas the remaining cells are CD201+/EpCAM+ or CD201-/EpCAM+. KTB40 and KTB42 are phenotypically fibroblastic or display features of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, whereas the remaining KTB (Komen Tissue Bank) cell lines display luminal features. This series also includes RNA-seq data for non-immortalized cell lines.
Normal Breast-Derived Epithelial Cells with Luminal and Intrinsic Subtype-Enriched Gene Expression Document Interindividual Differences in Their Differentiation Cascade.
Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesHematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which reside in bone marrow niches, are exposed to low levels of oxygen and follow an oxygen gradient throughout their differentiation. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are the main factors regulating the cell response to oxygen variation. Recent studies using conditional knockout mouse models have unveiled a major role of HIF-1a in the maintenance of murine HSCs, however the role of HIF-2a is still unclear. Here, we show that knockdown of HIF-2a and to a much lower extent, HIF-1a impedes the long-term repopulating ability of human CD34+ umbilical cord blood derived cells. The defects observed in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) function after HIF-2a knockdown was due to an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which increases the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in HSPCs and triggers apoptosis by the activation of the unfolded-protein-response (UPR) pathway. Importantly, HIF-2a deregulation also resulted in a significant decrease of engraftment of human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Overall, our data demonstrates a key role of HIF-2a in the maintenance of human HSPCs and in the survival of primary AML cells.
HIF-2α protects human hematopoietic stem/progenitors and acute myeloid leukemic cells from apoptosis induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress.
Specimen part
View SamplesGata2, a zinc finger TF, is essential for the generation and survival of HSCs in the embryo and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of AML, yet the requirement for Gata2 in adult HSCs and LSCs remains unclear. Using a conditional mouse model where Gata2 was deleted specifically in hematopoietic cells, we show that knockout of Gata2 leads to a rapid and complete cell-autonomous loss of adult HSCs. In Meis1a/Hoxa9 driven AML, deletion of Gata2 impedes maintenance and self-renewal of LSCs. We then performed RNA-seq from sorted control and Gata2 KO LSCs (CD45.2+ c-Kit+) after pIpC treatment in transplanted mice. Overall design: Wild Type and Gata2-/- Meis1a/Hoxa9 LSCs were harvested from mice 24 days after pIpC administration
Gata2 as a Crucial Regulator of Stem Cells in Adult Hematopoiesis and Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
Cell line, Subject
View SamplesGata2, a zinc finger TF, is essential for the generation and survival of HSCs in the embryo and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of AML, yet the requirement for Gata2 in adult HSCs and LSCs remains unclear. Using a conditional mouse model where Gata2 was deleted specifically in hematopoietic cells, we show that knockout of Gata2 leads to a rapid and complete cell-autonomous loss of adult HSCs. We then performed RNA-seq in sorted HSCs (LSK CD48- CD150+) from control and Gata2+/fl;Vav-iCre+ 8-to-10-week old mice. Overall design: Wild Type and Gata2+/- HSCs were harvested from 8-to-10-week old mice
Gata2 as a Crucial Regulator of Stem Cells in Adult Hematopoiesis and Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
Cell line, Subject
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