To obtain a separation of the epidermal and dermal compartments in order to examine compartment specific biological mechanisms in the skin we incubated 4 mm human skin punch biopsies in ammonium thiocyanate (NH4SCN). We wanted to test 1) the histological quality of the dermo-epidermal separation obtained by different incubation times 2) the amount and quality of extractable epidermal RNA, and 3) its impact on sample RNA expression profiles assessed by large-scale gene expression microarray analysis in both normal and inflamed skin. At 30 minutes incubation, the split between dermis and epidermis was not always histologically well-defined (i.e. occurred partly intra-epidermally) but varied between subjects. Consequently, curettage along the dermal surface of the biopsy was added to the procedure. This modified method resulted in an almost perfect separation of the epidermal and dermal compartments and satisfactory amounts of high-quality RNA were obtained. Hybridization to Affymetrix HG_U133A 2.0 GeneChips showed that ammonium thiocyanate incubation had a minute effect on gene expression resulting in only one significantly downregulated gene (cystatin E/M). We conclude that epidermis can be reproducibly and almost completely separated from the dermis of 4 mm skin biopsies by 30 min incubation in 3.8% ammonium thiocyanate combined with curettage of the dermal surface, producing high-quality RNA suitable for transcriptional analysis. Our refined method of dermo-epidermal separation will undoubtedly prove valuable in the many different settings, where the epidermal and dermal compartments need to be evaluated separately.
Extraction of high-quality epidermal RNA after ammonium thiocyanate-induced dermo-epidermal separation of 4 mm human skin biopsies.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesSequencing of 5' ends of RNA molecules from control and exosome-depleted HeLa-S3 cells. Overall design: CAGE library construction from RNA extracted from control and exosome-depleted cells.
Nuclear stability and transcriptional directionality separate functionally distinct RNA species.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesIn order to gain insight into relative stability of transcripts in plants that lacked m6A, we performed global mapping of uncapped and cleaved transcripts Overall design: 2 replicates of GMUCT in Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Col-0 ABI3:MTA (mta) plants. genome-wide mapping of uncapped and cleaved transcripts (GMUCT)
N<sup>6</sup>-Methyladenosine Inhibits Local Ribonucleolytic Cleavage to Stabilize mRNAs in Arabidopsis.
Specimen part, Subject
View SamplesUsing primary human bronchial epithelial cells collected at bronchoscopy, we have perturbed signaling pathways important in regulation of response to tobacco smoke exposure and cancer development: ATM, BCL2, GPX1, NOS2, IKBKB, and SIRT1
SIRT1 pathway dysregulation in the smoke-exposed airway epithelium and lung tumor tissue.
Specimen part
View SamplesClassical regeneration experiments in insects have demonstrated an important role for imaginal tissues (also called discs, the larval tissues that give rise to the adult appendages) in coupling tissue growth, maturation and patterning during development We used the rotund-Gal4 driver (Rn>) for disc-targeted silencing of the avalanche gene (avl; Rn>avl-RNAi), encoding a syntaxin that functions in the early endocytic machinery (H. Lu, D. Bilder, Nat Cell Biol 7, 1232; Dec, 2005). Rn>avl-RNAi discs reach near to normal size after 5 days of development, and then undergo unrestricted neoplastic growth. We were interested in identifying genes showing differential expression profiles in control and in neoplastic growth. We identified dilp8 as one of the most differentially expressed gene in control and Rn>avl-RNAi discs.
Secreted peptide Dilp8 coordinates Drosophila tissue growth with developmental timing.
Specimen part
View SamplesWe used microarrays to assess differences in gene expression associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms occurred in three genes, PMA1, MDS3 and MKT1, as compared to a reference strain devoid of any mutations (Progenitor strain).
Cellular effects and epistasis among three determinants of adaptation in experimental populations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesRNA-seq with male and female juvenile and adult spinal cords Overall design: RNA was isolated from 4 week and 8 week spinal cords for sequencing
Age and Sex-Related Changes to Gene Expression in the Mouse Spinal Cord.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Cell line, Subject
View SamplesThe purpose of this experiment was to identify oestrogen regulated genes in human primary cell cultures of neuronal and glial cells modelling the developing human nervous system. We were especially interested in genes involved in proliferation, differentiation and migration of neuronal cells and genes involved in or linked to neurodegenerative diseases. We have therefore assessed gene expression changes, using Affymetrix GeneChips (HG-U133A), of oestrogen treated human neuronal/ glial cell cultures. We continued with 14 selected genes and confirmed the gene expression changes, by relative quantitative real time PCR, of 6 genes (p< 0.05) important in neuronal development, three of which also are suggested to have links to neurodegenerative diseases.
Transcriptional analysis of estrogen effects in human embryonic neurons and glial cells.
No sample metadata fields
View SamplesThis SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
Characterizing the impact of smoking and lung cancer on the airway transcriptome using RNA-Seq.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage
View SamplesmRNA expression was assayed from bronchial epithelial cell samples from smokers with and without lung cancer. A subset of the samples (2 of the lung cancer samples and 3 of the no cancer samples) were pooled and underwent whole transcriptome sequencing. The goals were to compare whole transcriptome sequencing gene expression levels to gene expression levels derived from these samples run on the Affymetrix HGU133A 2.0 platform.
Characterizing the impact of smoking and lung cancer on the airway transcriptome using RNA-Seq.
Sex, Age, Specimen part, Disease, Disease stage
View Samples